Data mining is the computational process of discovering patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, and database systems. The overall goal of the data mining process is to extract information from a data set and transform it into an understandable structure for further use. Aside from the raw analysis step, it involves database and data management aspects, data preprocessing, model and inference considerations, interestingness metrics, complexity considerations, post-processing of discovered structures, visualization, and online updating.
B.2 Introduction
The growing popularity and development of data mining technologies bring serious threat to the security of individual's
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We identified four different types of users involved in data mining applications, namely, data provider, data collector, data miner, and decision maker. For each type of user, we discuss his privacy concerns and the methods that can be adopted to protect sensitive information. We briefly introduce the basics of related research topics, review state-of-the-art approaches, and present some preliminary thoughts on future research directions. Besides exploring the privacy-preserving approaches for each type of user, we also review the game theoretical approaches, which are proposed for analyzing the interactions among different users in a data mining scenario, each of whom has his own valuation on the sensitive information. By differentiating the responsibilities of different users with respect to security of sensitive information, we would like to provide some useful insights into the study of …show more content…
Although data mining can be extremely valuable in many applications (e.g. business, medical analysis, etcetera) it can also, in the absence of adequate safeguards, violate informational privacy. Privacy can be violated if personal data are used for other purposes subsequent to the original transaction between an individual and an organization when the information was collected. During the whole process of data mining (gathering of data to discovery of knowledge) these data, which generally contain sensitive individual information such as medical and financial information, often get exposed to collectors, owners, users and miners. The huge amount of data available means that it is possible to learn a lot of information about individuals from public data. Privacy preserving has originated as an important concern with reference to the success of the data mining. Privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) deals with protecting the privacy of individual data or sensitive knowledge without sacrificing the utility of the data.
Medical Databases:
The Scrub system was designed for de-identification of clinical notes and letters which typically occurs in the form of textual data. Clinical notes and letters are typically in the form of text which contain references to patients, family members, addresses, phone numbers or providers. Traditional techniques simply use a global search and replace procedure in order
Misuse detection is used to identify previously known attacks for which they require before hand knowledge of attack signature. the disadvantage of this method is that prior knowledge of the attack is required and hence new attacks cannot be identified until new attacks signature have been developed for them. In anomaly detection system monitors activity to detect any significant deviation from normal user behavior compared to known user standard behavior, this type of intrusion detection can effectively protect against both well known and new attacks since no prior knowledge about intrusion is required. One of the most significant aspects of Intrusion Detection System is the use of Artificial Intelligence techniques[39] to train the IDS about possible threats and gather information about the various traffic patterns to infer rules based on these patterns to distinguish between to differentiate between normal and intrusive
In a world where advertising presence is continuing to grow, how do consumers know when their data is being collected and how it is being used to target them? To some consumers, data mining, the collection of data from internet users that can be used by companies and even the government, may not seem like a huge problem. Joseph Turow investigates the growing problem to today’s society in his book, The Daily You. Turow structures his article in a way that creates fear in the audience through directly speaking and relating to the reader, referencing specific examples, and using a negative tone throughout. By speaking directly to the reader, Turow is able to convey his message to them by using the word “you.”
Choose to use apps and services that notify you, in plain language, what information they collect and why”. Trapani presents the problem and offers a solution for readers. Like Felten she shows that there is a problem but also helps the reader by giving them an answer. The common reader will not be able to make changes in the application making process, which Trapani knows, but they can be aware of the danger and look to avoid putting themselves in situations where they lose privacy. Her argument is clear and simple, which is perfect for the common app user who may not be an expert.
This is called protected health information or PHI. Information meets the definition of PHI if, even without the patient’s name, if you look at certain information and you can tell who the person is then it is PHI. The PHI can relate to past, present or future physical or mental health of the individual. PHI describes a disease, diagnosis, procedure, prognosis, or condition of the individual and can exist in any medium files, voice mail, email, fax, or verbal communications. defines information as protected health information if it contains the following information about the patient, the patient’s household members, or the patient’s employers, Names, Dates relating to a patient, i.e. birth dates, dates of medical treatment, admission and discharge dates, and dates of death, Telephone numbers, addresses (including city, county, or zip code) fax numbers and other contact information, Social Security numbers, Medical records numbers, Photographs, Finger and voice prints, Any other unique identifying
Nowadays, “privacy” is becoming a popular conversation topic. Many people believe that if they do not do anything wrong in the face of technology and security, then they have nothing to hide. Professor Daniel J. Solove of George Washington University Law School, an internationally known expert in privacy law, wrote the article Why Privacy Matters Even if You Have ‘Nothing to Hide’, published in The Chronicle of Higher Education in May of 2011. Solove explains what privacy is and the value of privacy, and he insists that the ‘nothing to hide’ argument is wrong in this article. In the article, “Why Privacy Matters Even if You Have ‘Nothing to Hide’”, Daniel J. Solove uses ethos, pathos, and logos effectively by using strong sources, using
Confidentiality and data breaches are a few of the main concerns, as many providers become neglectful when sharing patient electronic health information. Current use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has proven to be helpful for hospitals and independent medical practice to provide efficient care for patients. Balestra reports that using computers to maintain patient health records and care reduces errors, and advances in health information technology are saving lives and reducing cost (Balestra, 2017). As technology advances EHR are going to continue to be the main method of record keeping among medical providers. Therefore, staff and medical providers need to be trained on how to properly share patients EHR safely and in a secure form in order to maintain patient confidentiality.
We also hear arguments how people can avoid having their privacy invaded by things individuals do to themselves. Marmor’s audience is everyone, anyone who could be a potential risk of their privacy being violated. The author’s biased view helps me with my paper by adding facts and ways to prevent someone to be targeted. "Tech giant Apple is resisting a court directive that it help the FBI gain access to the iPhone
We must filter and customize that downloaded data for the health conditions that we primarily try to improve. Once data is customized and filtered properly, it gives us “care gaps”. Those care gaps can be easily closed out by accessing patient’s EMR or by referral. This updated data then gets uploaded back to the healthcare insurance company data set for reporting purpose. Data analytics helps health profession close the care gaps and improv care coordination between
Data minimization: Companies and organisations can only collect the personal data they need and can't collect more than
Individuals have the right to privacy, which the GDPR protects, must be provided regardless of its use and origin, but interests must be safeguarded. The use of information about individuals must be voluntary and justifiable.
Healthcare data mining is restricted by the availability of data, because necessary inputs for data mining exist in different locations and systems such as laboratory, data banks of hospitals, clinics etc. Further, as large volume of data is involved there is a need to make a data secure and safe from being getting corrupted or inconsistent across the platforms. Moreover, doctors, physicians, healthcare executives are to be convinced about the usefulness of data mining as this is an emerging field and acceptance might take time among health care professionals. Thus, to make the data mining successful cooperation and collaboration of all stakeholders is needed. REFERENCES 1.
A company’s database can be attacked from outside using so many methods hence information protection should take precedent in all decision making. Companies should take pride in making sure its database is protected from external breaches at all costs, otherwise the cost of tracking a breach is more expensive. Firstly, hacker are examples of a company been breached from outside, a hacker is a computer programmer who can at any given time combine his/her intelligence, curiosity, knowledge, creativity and smartness to do something as stupid as hacking for the fun of it or for ransom. Hackers meet their objectives by passing or interfering with the company’s computer’s security, software or database.
Even though organizations hold huge amount of data, they cannot use them effectively as they are unstructured. However new technologies are now available which enable analysis of large, complex, unstructured data. The accessibility of technology has become easy; as a result, there is massive increase in data amounts available with the entrepreneurs. The data usage depends on the ability the way it is stored, managed and then analyzing it adequately. Big data is an upcoming and emerging trend in the field of Information technology.
Technology is growing at a fast pace and every day we see a new product or service that is available. Many times it is hard to even keep up with the latest phone, computer, game console, or software. There are so many different gadgets to choose from and even the internet is on information overload. As a result, we can no longer truly expect to have privacy.
"While the Internet-based economy provides many benefits, it also raises new concerns for maintaining the privacy of information. “Internet privacy is the privacy and security level of personal data published via the Internet. It is a broad term that refers to a variety of factors, techniques and technologies used to protect sensitive and private data, communications, and preferences.â€[1] As the federal government’s National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA)[2] explains: Every day, billions of people around the world use the Internet to share ideas, conduct financial transactions, and keep in touch with family, friends, and colleagues. Users send and store personal medical data, business communications, and even intimate conversations over this global network.