The light dependent reaction is vital for photosynthesis to take place. There are six stages to this reaction. Stage one breaks down bond in water to form oxygen, while this is taking place electrons are freed along with hydrogen. This stage happens to take place in the thylakoid space. Stage two involves electrons moving to photosystem II. At this point energy from light is absorbed while in photosystem II. Therefore electrons receive more energy while being in the thylakoid membrane. Stage three takes electrons through the electron transport chain. In this stage energy is provided to transport hydrogen ions from out of the stroma into the thylakoid space. This stage also takes place in the thylakoid membrane. Stage four of the light dependent reactions involves photosystem I. While in photosystem I, light is absorbed for the movement of electrons in the thylakoid membrane. Stage five lets the electrons passing through get acquainted by NADP+. NADP+ then links with hydrogen to form NADPH in the …show more content…
Step one involves two-carbon acetyl group CoA is added to the four-carbon oxaloacetate to create six-carbon citrate. Step two the citrate loses a particle of water and gains another one. The citric acid is converted to the enzyme aconitase. Step three the isocitrate loses another molecule of carbon dioxide and can be oxidized by forming the five-carbon alpha ketoglutarate. Step four the alpha ketoglutarate is changed to the four-carbon succinyl CoA. A particle of carbon dioxide is deleted and NAD+ is changed to NADH + H+ during the process. Step five CoA is removed from the succinyl particle and is changed out with a phosphate group. Step six is the oxidant of succinate while fumarate is created. FAD is reduced and creates FADH2. Step seven the water particle is added and the bonds within carbons in fumarate are changed-creating malate. The final step malate is oxidized creating
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of plant cells. Respiration differs from photosynthesis because the reactants of respiration
Oxygenic phototrophs have chlorophyll pigments while anoxygenic phototrophs have bacteriochlorophyll pigments. Bacteriochlorophyll pigments absorb light at longer wavelengths compared to chlorophyll pigments. Bacteriochlorophyll and chlorophyll also have varying side groups on their structures. How do the reaction centers and photosystems differ between cyanobacteria and Chlorobi? Cyanobacteria have photosystems 1& 2 whereas Chlorobi only have photosystem 1.
The tube containing the Elodea leaf placed under the light did change in color because photosynthesis was being performed. The tube containing the Elodea leaf placed in darkness did not change color because photosynthesis was not being performed. My hypothesis was partially incorrect because the control (tube 3 and tube 4) did not remain the same color. Tube 3 changed by 4 units from red to orange and tube 4 changed by 3 units from red to
In photosynthesis, light energy from the sun is absorbed and reflected. When a plant has green leaves, the leaves appear green because the pigments inside the plant reflect the green light into our eyes and absorb the other colors in the light spectrum. The energy absorbed goes into Photosystem II and begins photosynthesis in the plant. The pigments inside of the cell are responsible
As a function of cellular respiration in the mitochondria and photosynthesis in the chloroplast, high energy electrons travelling across the Electron transport chain (ETC) towards oxygen expels energy (Biology Dictionary, 2017). The expelled electron energy in both cellular functions is utilized to pump hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix and cytochrome complex into an inner membrane. Oxygen eventually captures the electrons travelling across the ETC, attracts two hydrogen ions and forms water. Subsequently, resulting in a concentration of hydrogen ions in the inner membrane and the accumulation of potential energy.
Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration form a complete cycle fairly simplistic. If you look at the equations for each system, you'll see that they oppositely reflect each other. The equation for Photosynthesis is: CO₂ + H₂O ⇾ Sugar + Oxygen. During Photosynthesis energy from the sun is required. Whereas, the equation for Cellular Respiration is: Oxygen + Sugar ⇾ CO₂ + H₂O (Which releases energy from the sugar).
Just like respiration, photosynthesis has two phases but they do different things. The first phase is the Light Phase where chlorophyll absorbs red, blue, violet light (energy) to produce ATP for the dark phase and to split H20 into hydrogen and oxygen. The light phase can only occur when light is present. The second phase is the Dark Phase also known as the Calvin Cycle. In this phase it uses the ATP produced from the light phase to join atmospheric CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) to the H2 (Hydrogen) to make C6H12O6
Chloroplasts are organelles that carry on photosynthesis; carbon dioxide diffuses into the chloroplasts in the leaves (Mader, S. 2010). Sugar and oxygen are released during the process. In order to photosynthesize, plants depend on light energy from the sun. The rate of photosynthesis will increase or decrease depending on the colour of light being absorbed, blue light results in the most photosynthesis occur and green light results in no photosynthesis occurring.
Next, the citrate is moved around to create isocitrate which donates a hydrogen ion and 2 of the electrons move to the NAD+ creating now the product of NADH. Alpha-ketoglutarate is created by removing the carbon dioxide from the
Thylakoids serve as the sites of the conversion of light energy to chemical energy. Granums are dense layered stacks of thylakoid sacs that serve as the sites of conversion of light energy to chemical energy. The Stroma is a dense fluid within the chloroplast that lies outside the thylakoid membrane, it converts carbon dioxide to carbohydrates. The lamellae keeps all of the thylakoid sacs a safe distance from each other so there’s an efficient way to capture the Sun’s energy. Lumens are found in the
High energy phosphate transferred ADP, forming ATP. A 3 carbon molecule, 3-Phosphoglycerate is formed. As this process occurs twice, a total of two ATP are created. Therefore the energy put into the first three steps is now paid back. Step eight sees the 3-Phosphoglycerate transformed by the enzyme Phoso-glycerate mutase into
Introduction: What is photosynthesis? The chemical progress of photosynthesis is when a green plant and sometimes other organisms produce O2 (oxygen) by using the light energy from the sun, CO2 (carbon dioxide) and water. The green colour pigment is created by chlorophyll in the plant. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen Research question:
Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy that can be used to fuel the organism’s activities. Photosynthesis is when the organism takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. When the sun goes down, the algae start to respire. Respiration is when the organism takes in oxygen and then releases carbon dioxide to create energy.
Photosynthesis can occur anywhere there is green on the plant
The light energy comes from sunlight and is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into other chemicals needed for growth (BBC). Plants perform photosynthesis to generate food and energy they need for growth and cellular respiration. They require light energy from the sun, water, and carbon dioxide. Water is absorbed from the roots in the soil to the steam and reaches the leaves. Carbon dioxide is from the atmosphere and goes through the pores of the leaves called the "stomata".