Industrialization of Manchester DBQ Industrialization, a phenomenon that took place throughout the world in the 18th and 19th centuries, began in Great Britain. The efforts found in the Scientific Revolution, Agricultural Revolution, and Cottage Industry as well as available natural resources and prime trading locations cultivated industrialization. From textiles to coal mining, Great Britain thrived in industry and became a world political and economic power; new for their country. Urbanization occurred as cities industrialized, therefore drawing unemployed farmers and country workers there to make a living. One notable city that industrialization had a massive toll on was Manchester, which soon became a renowned city that produced cotton …show more content…
Because of the invention of the steam engine, and it’s development through the years, factories were able to be built away from water and in cities. By existing in cities, transportation became more efficient and profitable for the goods produced. This led to urbanization and the consequent employment of many new workers. As stated in a business directory aksing to be granted a royal charter in 1852, with newly acquired wealth, Manchester became “the Workshop of the World;” “remarkable and attractive” to the outside world (Document #5). Because this is written from the perspective of businesses trying to succeed, it likely is biased to describe Manchester as great. Financial and legal rights to be a business would bring in more wealth, so portraying Manchester as wealthy and a major aspect of British economy is probable. That is not to say that Manchester was not a distinguished industrial city who brought in a lot of wealth, because they were. But, wealth is not the only factor in a city’s greatness. The comfort of the people and their safety is another consideration. Workers of all ages were exploited for their labor, and had to work in horrific conditions. Before reforms were passed, some children worked upwards of 12 hours a day, and safety was the least of a business owners’ cares. Luckily, the Factory Act and other similar reforms reduced …show more content…
Urbanization made many families move to cities and start entirely new lifestyles that hadn’t been as prominent in the past. Before industrialization, the cottage industry, small home businesses, and farming were common forms of income. But, as they moved to cities, that had to change. Familial life weakened as mothers began working in factories, children occupying their time either working or playing in the dirty streets. People lived in overcrowded tenants or apartments. It was filthy; chockful of human waste, smoke, and sickness. Robert Southey, an English Romantic poet, wrote after witnessing Manchester’s decline, that industrialization led Manchester to become a place where one only hears, “the everlasting din of machinery, and where; when the bell rings, it is to call the wretches to their work instead of their prayers” (Document #1). It is true that as people moved away from their home churches and to the cities, church attendance declined. The duty of work became constant and life was miserable for many of the working class. Southey, as a romantic, is expectedly biased against industrialization because of the romantic nostalgia and sentimentalism towards the past. His intent in writing this was likely to persuade others that industrialization worked out negatively for Manchester, so should be avoided in order to stop suffering before it came again. He saw how people lived in
Another Key factor in the Industrial Revolution was increases in transportation modes and availability of transportation. England’s first phase of canal building during the 1700s was crucial for industrialization. Canals made factories cost effective. Factories could then be built anywhere with materials easily shipped to that factor, utilize the steam engine to efficiently produce the product, and transport that products to market just easily. Transportation made mass production cost-effective and widened the market from the local to the national.
Zehra Fatima 1/18/2023 Ms. Gray Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution took place during the 1800s in Great Britain. During this time, the people started to use natural resources such as coal and water to develop factories and machinery, which led to the making of cheaper goods. It was accompanied by many inventors who created technology to develop the production of goods.
The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant technological, economic, and social change that occurred between the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and North America. It was marked by the widespread adoption of new manufacturing processes, machinery, and power sources, leading to the growth of factories and mass production. This period saw the emergence of new industries, such as textiles, iron, and coal mining, and it revolutionized transportation with the development of steam-powered engines and railroads.
Over the course of a century, Manchester evolved from a town of nothing extraordinary into the country’s vital trading centre. Comparing the maps of Manchester in 1750 to that of 1850, it is evident that not only has the city increased in approximately five times of size but also has built canals and railroads that pierce through the city at all angles (Document 1), including the famous Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Such expansion in urban development and increase in mobility allowed for industries to thrive; as a result, the economy prospered. Being granted a royal charter in 1852, Manchester came to be known as the “Workshop of the World”. In terms of “commerce and manufacture”, it had surpassed “any other town in the British Dominions or indeed the world.”
With more and more people coming into the city looking for jobs, the cities would continue to grow in size. Industrialization was the process when industries were developed by using machines to produce goods. With the new tremendous idea of industrialization, factories would have to be built. These factories were built in or near the Britain cities and towns.
Major factories were founded on major waterways with easy access to transport their manufactured goods throughout the country. “The number of cities with populations exceeding 5,000 rose from 112 in 1820 to nearly 150 three decades later.” This was a huge change from before industrialization started where the population was spread out through the states. The idea of lowering labor, costs, improving living conditions played a huge role in urbanizing America and bringing workers closer to the
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain because of its geographical qualities, new change within their social structure, and economical concepts formed at the time. I will be discussing how Great Britain's many rivers, accessibility to trading with neighboring countries, and multiple territories helped them begin the revolution. As well as, how the addition of one social class, and their big divide between classes influenced the beginning of industrialization. Lastly, I will talk about how economical concepts like mercantilism, capitalism, and communism sparked this new era of the world. So in other words, there are many reasons as to why the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain.
Industrial revolution was a major change in the way global economy worked and how labor changed during the industrial revolution. Machines started being used in a larger scale and less workers where needed, as a result there were less jobs for people. Urbanization is the increase in population that is due to people moving from small farming communities to cities because they needed jobs and were looking for wage labor so they developed new factories. Urbanization in society was positive because it caused an increase in factories which led to more jobs, goods and resources that benefited people. Urbanization was caused by the increase of population which is shown in the chart of Document B, that the population doubled and in some cases tripled
Industrial Revolution DBQ Essay The Industrial Revolution was a time period that began in the 18th century in Great Britain and later spread throughout many other parts of the world, such as further in Europe and the United States. The revolution involved a shift between making goods by hand to by machine and impacted those of all social classes, each with their own active role in contributing to progression. Manchester, an influential and powerful city of the revolution period, illustrates the ways to which the revolution progressed. The city presents evidence of initially divided social classes and a negatively impacted environment, but later amends were made to create a generally positive outcome.
As Manchester ultimately influenced the social thinking in Britain during the industrial revolution, places like Cornerhouse play a big part in its history. There are some reoccurring plans of a new start which drove the building to developing along with the social scene and which brought it to where it is today. The essay will also explore whether the development in the social scene were also to blame for the downfalls
During the Industrial Revolution, it was not only a time of change for the economy, but also for many towns and villages in England. What was once a respectably sized village in the late eighteenth century turned into the bustling city of Manchester during the nineteenth century. Although the revolution saw the country pushed forth into a new era of productivity, it spelled horror for the working class. Issues in Manchester were rampant, such as the deplorable living conditions, the working man being squashed beneath the iron heel of the businessmen, the decline of religion, and pollution of the once great country. This yielded several reactions from various sources, including that of scholars who smelled socialism on the rise, the creation
Technological advancements,health conditions,and poor working conditions were all issues raised by Manchester’s growth, and people reacted in both negative and positive ways. The Industrial revolution affected everyone’s life by changing energy usage,public health,social improvements, and natural resources. Overtime machinery advancements began to replace the use of manual
As industrialization swept through England and hit upon Manchester, the city experienced exponential growth as formerly rural workers flocked to the city to seek employment in the new factories. This brought significant growth of the city in terms of population, infrastructure, and economy. However, the expansion witnessed by Manchester was not without its issues. As a result of this period of heightened expansion, it may have been true that the economy and infrastructure grew, but what grew was of a poor nature, with the streets narrow and crowded, the buildings produced en masse, and the living conditions generally poor in terms of health, food, and at times, money. Furthermore, the city became greatly polluted, exacerbating issues of health.
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 1700s, manufacturing was often done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production. The iron and textile industries, along with the development of the steam engine, played central roles in the Industrial Revolution, which also saw improved systems of
The Industrial Revolution began in England for many reasons. In 1700s,Britain 's economy was mainly an agricultural economy. Wealthy landowners bought up all the land and enclosed their land with fences allowing them to cultivate larger fields called enclosures. This caused the enclosure movement, which put most small farmers out of work causing them to move to cities. This movement to cities is known as urbanization, which gave Britain a large population of workers.