Cattedrale Santa Maria Del Fiore Research Paper

Filipo Brunelleschi challenged the accepted ideas in architecture when he went against traditional thought to construct the dome above the Florence Cathedral. His dome had no internal or external bracing, an idea thought to be impossible prior to this construction. Brunelleschi’s ideas incorporated Renaissance respect of past knowledge with the use of ancient mathematical concepts of geometry, which was in keeping with the humanistic return to ancient texts. The mathematical laws discovered by ancient Greek and Roman mathematicians also allowed Brunelleschi to accurately represent three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface. Brunelleschi understood the importance of building on the knowledge of the past to create the future.

“Brunelleschi accomplished this by creating a herringbone pattern with the bricks that redirected the weight of the bricks outward towards the dome’s support, instead of downwards to the floor (Brown)”. The dome looked very gothic which was good because it matched the gothic church around Florence. There are parts of the dome however that are more classical looking then gothic. “The Cathedral was completely covered by colored marbles like the earlier Baptistery, there is stained

The octagonal dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence was built from Filippo Brunelleschi, of early Renaissance entirely as a self-supporting structure . This precision structure would be difficult to re-create today, even with modern and specialized tools, so it is one of the most studied historic structures. Massimo Ricci, Barry Jones and Andrea Sereni had a question: How Filippo Brunelleschi built the Dome?

Bartolome de Las Casas was born in 1848 in Spain. Las Casas was a Spanish historian and dominican missionary who objected the Spanish treatment of the Natives. Las Casas is known for his famous writings which weren’t published until many years after his death. Las Casas was not like any ordinary man in his time period. He opposed to several things the Spanish had against the Natives.

It's evident that the architectural influence outlasted Justinian's life even up today. Examples of the use of high structure arches, and aesthetics such as the massive dome and luminous interior lighting are seen in other major architectural achievements such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, The Great Mosque in Damascus, St. Paul's Cathedral in London, Cupola in Florence, as well as St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. Driven to establish himself as the rightful successors to Constantine and Agustus, Justinian wanted to leave an even larger historical mark with his judicial wisdom than he did with his building accomplishments. He wanted to carry out a legal reform more complete than that undertaken and failed by the past Roman Emperor

FRONT PAGE Bubonic Plague begins- The Black Plague killed about 1.5 million people Spanish Inquisition-The Spanish Inquisition was used for both political and religious reasons. Following the Crusades and the Reconquest of Spain by the Christian Spaniards the leaders of Spain needed a way to unify the country into a strong nation. january 1, 1478 Joan of Arc and the Siege of Orleans- jan 1st 1428

This was done because Soviet leader Joseph Stalin planned to replace it with a new 315 meter-high Palace of Soviets that was to house the country’s legislature. That palace was never built due to the Second World War, and once the Soviet Union was dissolved, the current church

"In 1418 the town fathers of Florence finally addressed a monumental problem they’d been ignoring for decades: the enormous hole in the roof of their cathedral. " This sets the stage for Brunelleschi to become a hero and master artisan. Brunelleschi had spent his life learning, as an apprentice goldsmith, he had learned and perfected techniques that were well ahead of the training he was given. He studied other areas of art as well, "Brunelleschi’s life seemed to have been one long apprenticeship for building the dome of unequaled beauty, usefulness, honor, and power that Florence yearned for." He, along with other actual architects applied to be the one to put a dome on the cathedral, and eventually one out.

I chose to look into the area of architecture and Brunelleschi’s design of the dome for Florence’s cathedral. The creation of the dome was started because the structure of the building required more of a dome shape than the buttresses and pointed arches that surrounded areas used. However, a domed roof of that large of a scale had never been attempted before, so there were many questions: could a dome that weighs tens of thousands of tons stay up without the traditional structures? Was there enough timber in Tuscany to create scaffolding and templates needed to shape the dome? Could a dome be built on the octagonal floor plan already in existence without collapsing inward as it arced toward the apex?

The building was 200 ft tall, and the façade was excessively ornamented in a beautiful way, and in a mixture of different styles including Gothic, Baroque, Churrigueresque to illustrate the appearance of a Spanish Colonial church. The facade was made of stone, and it did not include usual ornamentation, but sculpted historical figures of remarkable and significant people mostly were

The Medici will later use the Old Sacristy as a tomb for their family. This building was significant because it help set the tone for a new style of architecture. It was built around proportions and classical orders. Which become popular in the Italian Renaissance Era. It was completed around the year 1440, but

Michelangelo famously carved many sculptures throughout his lifetime. One of his most famous pieces is the Rome Pietà. The French cardinal Jean de Bilhères Lagraulas commissioned Michelangelo to carve a memorial piece for his own burial in 1497 (Wallace, 243). The Pietà is currently on display in St. Peter’s Basilica on a pedestal as an altarpiece. William Wallace’s article “Michelangelo’s Rome Pietà: Altarpiece or Grave Memorial?” discusses whether the Pietà should be viewed as an elevated altarpiece or at eye level as a memorial through historical context and the intention of how the work was made to be viewed by an audience.

The Sistine Chapel in Rome, Italy was first completed in 1481. Throughout the years, there have been multiple restorations of the ceiling to remove debris and clean the artwork. These restorations created much controversy on whether the cleaning was ethical and kept the artists initial intent. The restorations have kept the ceiling in tact and from fading in color and forms completely, however, it also changed the original beauty of Michelangelo’s work. There is not a single way to examine the legitimacy of these restorations, nor is there one correct opinion because every argument intertwines and influences the other.

The Pantheon was first built with a rectangular plan but when Hadrian came in 125AD and rebuilt it, he added a dome. Currently, the Pantheon is used as both a church and also a historical heritage site. On the other hand, the Brunelleschi 's Dome is part of the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore, and it is one of the biggest churches in Florence which is in Italy (Mainstone, 1997). The construction of the church began in 1296

To support the weight of the stone, there were fewer windows and the windows are often smaller. For the most part, this is true of Saint Mark’s Basilica, which has smaller and fewer windows than Gothic cathedrals. Another architectural feature of Italian churches is the “campanile” or bell tower. The campanile of Saint Mark’s Basilica was not built at the same time as the original basilica, but was added on later in 1514. These artistic and architectural features make Saint Mark’s Basilica representative of traditional Italian