Pamela's Theory Of Workplace Stress

INTRODUCTION The concept of stress and its definition is complicated and difficult to define; the term stress is an amorphous complex construct which is difficult to define (Jones & Bright, 2001). Steptoe and Ayers (2005) buttress this point by stating that “stress is complex and multifaceted construct with many component parts”. This makes the concept of ‘stress’ elusive owing to the fact that it is poorly defined, thus, there is no single agreed definition for the term stress. There are a variety of methodological and theoretical approaches in the literature on stress and health relationships; this poses challenges to researches in that stress can be viewed as either a stimulus or a response.

All that we do, we are bound to encounter stress. Stress can be defined as a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or very demanding circumstances. Whenever one is facing difficulty ,suffering anxiety, or feeling worried,stress will immediately take over. Stress has been, and will remain to be, a natural part of our daily routine. This causes many to underestimate its overall effects.

According to National Institute of Health, stress is an internal state that people experience as they encounter changes throughout their lives. III. I have learned about the effects of stress due to my personal experience such as dealing with depression, weight gain, and being antisocial. IV. Today I will explain the physical, mental, and emotional effects of stress.

Stress is a response the body produces to protect and support us. How does your body use stress? Stress is generally considered being synonymous with distress. Distress is defined as "physical, mental or emotional strain or tension" When this type of stress is constant, it becomes harmful. Cortisol is a steroid hormone released by our bodies in reaction to stress to help get us through challenging situations.

Introduction Most times, persons are always affected by certain events within their life stages. While individual’s progresses during different life stages, they will perceive things differently and try to make adjustment of how they perceive the changes in society. However, this report will look at stress in its entirety such as the causes, effects and symptoms. Furthermore, the report will analyse psychological theories to persons that are experiencing elevated levels of stress, how he theories are related to behaviour disturbances as well as how psychological theories informs how mental health can be understand.

Stress is something that comes from overacting or over reacting task in life be from work or on the body. For example a college student is studying for a test, or doing a paper right before it’s due. And they are stressing over the fact they will fail or won’t do as good as what they could have done if they had done the subject when other college students were doing it and picked there time wisely. Another example for the body is you are in a car crash and your body goes into protective mode ready for what’s going to happen, but at the last second the car misses you but still crashes into a poll or tree. As the book says: “stressors are any physical or psychological event or condition that produces physical and emotional reactions.

Stress can be anything that changes in the human body. It wears one down mentally, emotionally and physically. Mental stress could be not being able to focus at work or at school because of lack of school or overwhelmed with too much workload. Emotional stress can emanate from

INTRODUCTION Stress is a word derived from Latin word “Stingere” meaning to draw tight. (Mojoyinola, 2008) Stress is your body’s way of responding to any kind of demand or threat. When you feel threatened, your nervous system responds by releasing a flood of stress hormones, and including adrenaline and cortisol, which rouse the body for emergency action. Your heart pounds faster, muscles tighten, blood pressure rises, breath quickens, and your senses become sharper. These physical changes increase your strength and stamina, speed your reaction time, and enhance your focus.

Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about how stress develops and its effects on the workplace. Tentative Thesis: Though the definition of stress is already well-known among our society, we remain ignorant towards how stress develops everywhere and influences the workplace. Introduction I. Attention

The Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping was developed by American psychologist Richard S. Lazarus. It is used to analyze the complex processes individuals undergo in coping with stressful life experiences. The core assumption of this theory is that coping is a process wherein adaptational outcomes are determined by how individuals appraise stressful experiences, the coping styles that are employed by the individual, and how dispositional and situational factors serve as mediating variables (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984; Lazarus, 1999). In early traditional approaches, studies have primarily focused on examining the causal relationship between stress and coping.

Where we learned about the causes of stress which are called stressors: traumatic events, significant life changes, daily hassles, and situations in which people are exposed to challenging and unpleasant events, and situations that require to make changes in their lives such us a divorce or moving to a new house. The level of stress depends on the type of stressor that can be acute or chronic. Also thought about our body’s physiological reactions to stress. Walter Cannon, an American physiologist called them fight-or-flight response.

Stress refers to a dynamic interaction between the individual and the environment. In this interaction, demands, limitations and opportunities related to work may be perceived as threatening to surpass the individual's resources and skills. Stress is any physical or psychological stimulus that disturbs the adaptive state and provoked a coping response The increasing interest in stress research is probably because we live in a world that includes many stressful circumstances and stress has been a global phenomenon. It has become an integral part of life and is said to be the price we all pay for the struggle to stay alive.

The present study makes a number of original contributions to the existing body of knowledge and provides some direction for research and practice. This study has developed and tested new scales to measure workplace stress and coping in context of nursing workplace. Contribution of the study Theoretical Contribution The study have made number of significant contributions in the area of workplace stress and coping 

Goal setting helps the person reduce job ambiguity and take control of their job demands because they will know exactly what is needed of them to succeed (Lehrer et al, 1994). Mentoring in the work place can help reduce stress levels by a large amount due to the fact that employees can reply on someone else in the organisation for metal support and guidance (Lehrer et al, 1994). Employee Assistance Programs are useful in buffering the negative effects of stress because it is there to help employees get through difficult times and acts as an intervention program to further detriments to employees when they are having personal issues. Mind Tree allowing women to take one year of leave for every six years of working is an example of this. This allows for the employee to prioritize her personal life and family, which could reduce or eliminate work-family

Stress involves interaction of the person and environment. To quote a definition: “Stress is an adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological and / or behavioural deviations for organizational participants” (Luthans, 1998). Stress has generally been viewed as a set of neurological and physiological reactions that serves an adaptive function (Franken, 1994). Traditionally, stress research has been oriented toward studies involving the body's reaction to stress and the cognitive processes that influence the perception of stress. However, social perspectives of the stress response have noted that different people experiencing similar life conditions are not necessarily affected in the same manner (Pearlin, 1982).