Law is a tool to regulate interactions amongst the members of a society. Oppenheim defined International law as the name for the body of customary and conventional rules which are considered binding by civilised states in their intercourse with each other. In Sir Cecil Hurst’s view, International Law is the aggregate of rules which determines the rights which one state is entitled to claim on behalf of itself, or its nationals against another state. The definition and aspects of International Law evolved over time in order to suit the changing world order and new situations. International organisations and institutions such as United Nations organisation (UNO), World Bank (WB), International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Trade Organisation (WTO) …show more content…
The international community showed a very lackadaisical approach and did not intervene. The lack of political will showed by USA, the alleged support given to perpetrators of this genocide by France, the bureaucratic nature of United Nations are some of the factors that resulted in one of the most horrendous crimes which could have been prevented if the international community had shown a respect for the international law.
The UN Secretariat is the United Nations’ bureaucratic arm. One of its responsibility is to convey important information to decision-making bodies such as the Security Council, which is responsible for “the maintenance of international peace and security” (UN Charter 5(23)). The Secretariat and the Secretary General were vehemently criticised in their failure to convey the information before and during the Rwandan genocide. Belgium, UN, France and the US showed scant respect for the international law and order and in order to protect their vested interest allowed the genocide to happen. The Genocide Convention of 1948 talks of the legal obligations which these states have clearly failed to follow. Yet, almost two decades have passed by and there is still no sign of any concrete action to be taken against any of the countries who clearly acted in their own vested interest and breached the international
…show more content…
The legal right to determine how to enforce its own resolutions lies with the Security Council alone (UN Charter Articles 39-42), not with individual nations. Other member of UNSC declared that Council Resolution 1441 did not authorize any "automaticity" in the use of force against Iraq, and that a further Council resolution was needed were forced to be used. But the US supported the use of war based on the intelligence from the CIA and MI6 stating that Iraq controlled WMD.
The US use of force was based upon Iraq's breach of several UN resolutions, especially UNSC Resolution 1441. The invasion began in March that year and Hussein was captured by December. Britain joined the invasion in the same year. The Chilcot inquiry was launched in 2009, as British troops withdrew from Iraq, tasked with investigating the run-up to the 2003 US-led invasion and the subsequent occupation. Following were the observations of Chilcot
C. Introduction The Rwandan genocide lasted three months and in those three months it is said that 1 million Tutsis were killed. The Holocaust lasted 4 years and 6 million Jews were killed. Bearing this in mind it would be expected that The Rwandan genocide should be extremely well known because of the loss of lives, impact and brutality of the event and the similarities it holds with The Holocaust. The fact is that the Rwandan Genocide is not very well known and is not thought to be in the same category as The Holocaust, where in fact it is.
- Osama Bin Laden, the man responsible for terrorism and assassinations, was hiding somewhere in Afghanistan and the USA wasn 't going to let the Security Council get in the way of its attack on Afghanistan, which was for vengeance, even if the Security Council had wanted to, they would not have stopped at it
After many years of pushing aside the unlawful subject of genocide, in 1948 the UN General assembly held an international convention on the prevention, and punishment against the crime of genocide; it was finally put to work in 1951. (Doc. B) Even though we knew genocide was happening in the past with the holocaust, it took us around four decades to go through creating an international criminal tribunal until 1994. (Doc. B) The main question leaves us in document B saying, “Why did it take so long, despite atrocities and mass killings in Cambodia, East Timor, and elsewhere?”
The American Government 's Response to The Rwandan Genocide The United States often have an had interest in the political, social and civil crises of other countries in order to benefit themselves. American senior officials hid the truth of the Rwanda Genocide to avoid public moral obligation. The government did not give any financial or political support to the country because Rwanda did not offer minerals or political advantages and stability; the US ' government did not want to be involved in another conflict, even though it has helped other countries in the past.1 But what is truly deeper hidden, are the stories of people like Immacule, a young girl, who, unlike thousands of others, survived the catastrophic genocide in Rwanda.
The Rwandan genocide was a mass slaughter of the Tutsi population that lasted 100 days from the 7th of April to the 15th of July in 1994. Although the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda existed at the time, Canada and the international community still failed to help Rwanda as a whole, as individual countries, and by not doing what they could to aid Roméo Dallaire. As an international community as a whole, there was far more that could have been done to help Rwanda through the United Nations and as individual countries. UNAMIR, or United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda, was made to keep peace in Rwanda and started a year before the genocide occurred.
This means Americans might have lied about Iraq and made up such hearsays to invade the land. In addition, ‘After a long and dangerous search, I found that Iraq did not have any kind of relation with Al-Qaeda, then I began to explore for mass destruction weapons the result was the same I could not find any document ’ (J. Maddox 2020). This is proof that Americans might invade Iraq for goods, not any reason else. That is how the United States spread hearsay about terrorism and biological weapons and helping Iraq’s population, but the documents show that it was a war of purpose.
During the genocide, the international community remained silent; however, recently the international community has taken actions to provide justice for victims. Inside Cambodia before
Their Genocide Convention focuses a lot on preventing genocide but doesn’t really take steps to prevent it. They talk more about punishments if it does happen but according to Mayroz, with how it is written there is no legal obligation to intervene once genocide is happening. (Mayroz 86). Just like many other UN laws they left it open so they can pick and choose when they intervene. It is stuff like this that makes me think the the US should just act on their own or with their allies to stop genocide as soon as it happens.
Genocide: The Horror Continues The video "Genocide: The Horror Continues" documents the histories and occurrences of genocide. Genocide is the extermination, through extreme violence, of a disfavored race or cultural group. Disfavored by the standards of a tyrannical political leader or party. These crimes against humanity, as reminisced, are absolutely atrocious.
In the UNSC’s article 51, individual and collective self-defense can be authorized by the UNSC under the framework of collective security. However, genocide is never justifiable in the eyes of the UN. Perhaps the most distinguishing feature between war and genocide is the disproportionally ability of those involved to fight back. Within war there is a certain level of understanding that those engaging in the conflict will have an ability to engage in battle. However, historically in genocides the effected groups have had little to no ability to proportionately fight against their attackers.
The UNSC Resolution 1973 (2011), which authorized the use of force in Libya, marked the first time the UNSC invoked this Pillar
Globalization is a massive thing that affects every person on the planet in one way or another. This source raises the argument that globalization is a disease that harms people in more ways then it helps and needs to be stopped before it wipes out the human race. This raises a good point is some ways because globalization does harm humans in many way such as losing jobs due to outsourcing and the people who get the outsourced jobs are put into horrible working conditions and underpaid without benefits. But it also helps in some ways with trade and communication strengthening the relations of countries. I do agree with the source that globalization harms many people but not quite to the extent that the author goes to, I think that
For several decades various cultures have been rich with history and traditions that transcended time. However these cultures go through very dark times such as genocide. Genocide is the deliberate killing of a large group of people, specifically those of a particular ethnic group or nation. On one hand neutrality is a positive alternative of genocide because if a country stays neutral, that country would likely have peace. On the other hand being a bystander or being neutral is letting thousands of innocent lives die at your hands.
The authorized intervention was granted by UN Security Council. Chapter VII of the Charter also provides one clear exception to the non-intervention principle by granting powers to the Security Council to determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, to maintain or restore international peace and security. The necessity of multilateral cooperation in dealing with international peace and security was widely accepted and the use of multilateral intervention became one of the mechanisms employed by the international community in dealing with crisis. The UN R2P:
In case of a war, the Security Council may call upon the Members of the UN to completely or partially interrupt economic relations and sever diplomatic relations . It may do so by ‘air, sea or land forces as may be necessary to maintain or restore international peace and security’ . The Members of UN may either use their own armed forces for military operations or merely provide assistance and facilities, including a rite of passage, to the Security Council for the effective execution of the resolution. These actions may take place by reaching a special agreement with the Security Council, or ‘on its call’ . As is often criticized, this Article (42) of the Security Council has been applied rather sparingly.