The Second Reconstruction: The Success Of The Civil Rights Movement

Although slavery was declared over after the passing of the thirteenth amendment, African Americans were not being treated with the respect or equality they deserved. Socially, politically and economically, African American people were not being given equal opportunities as white people. They had certain laws directed at them, which held them back from being equal to their white peers. They also had certain requirements, making it difficult for many African Americans to participate in the opportunity to vote for government leaders. Although they were freed from slavery, there was still a long way to go for equality through America’s reconstruction plan.

The Civil War and the period of Reconstruction brought significant political, social, and economic changes to American society, and these effects continued into the 20th century. Post Civil War (After the Civil War – The period after the Civil War) - President Abraham Lincoln and Congress were determined to rebuild the nation. Lincoln wanted to restore the Union by readmitting the southern states that had seceded, as well as provide African Americans with more rights. Period of Conflict -

In “The Failure of Reconstruction,” the authors state that new laws “required southern states to ratify the 14th Amendment, which broadened the definition of citizenship, granting “equal protection” of the Constitution to former slaves.” (Failure). These laws sufficed as a revolutionizing turning point for black citizens because they were guaranteed equal opportunities in all portions of America. By allowing fair citizenship, this may have potentially transformed the future for the African American population; therefore, once again proving that this time period revolutionized our country’s future.

Following the ending of the Civil War in 1865, America was in an era known as the Reconstruction. The Reconstruction lasted until 1877. Citizens were attempting to rebuild our nation following one of the deadliest war in American History. In this time, the Fourteenth Amendment and Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution were ratified. Although slaves were freed, African Americans still faced intense racial prejudice and discrimination.

Following this proclamation, most southerners struggled to accept freed African Americans. Lincoln’s political approach to Reconstruction is still considered one of the most important political changes of the time because of its foundation in forgiveness. This charitable outline of requests accelerated the reunification process of America, whereas the price of victory in the North may have included harsh demands. Unfortunately, this peaceful appeal could not prepare the populace for the years of bitter racism and

Maceo Cardinale Kwik Reconstruction Reconstruction was the twelve years after the civil war. Those twelve years were full of readjustment fixing the ruin the United States had fallen into. The problems that had the United states in disarray were how to, rebuild the South, reunite the states, and ensure the rights and protection of the newly freed African Americans. The civil war left the South in shambles, and newly freed slaves struggled to adjust to their new freedom. Most Southerners hated reconstruction and everything else about the North.

The civil rights movement was successful of achieving its goals. The civil rights movements wanted to end segregation, desegregate schools, and reverse the separate but equal rule. To achieve these goals the civil rights movement did various things like, court cases, sit-ins, boycotts, non-violent protest, and marches. Some of the court cases that helped the movement reach its goals was, NAACP, brown vs, board. Some sit-ins were, the non-violent protest in which blacks and whites attempt to desegregate lunch counters buy sitting at counters until served.

Sources Analysis Freedom During the Reconstruction era, the idea of freedom could have many different meanings. Everyday factors that we don't often think about today such as the color of our skin, where we were born, and whether or not we own land determined what limitations were placed on the ability to live our life to the fullest. To dig deeper into what freedom meant for different individuals during this time period, I analyzed three primary sources written by those who experienced this first hand. These included “Excerpts from The Black Codes of Mississippi” (1865), “Jourdan Anderson to his old master” (1865), and “Testimony on the Ku Klux Klan in Congressional Hearing” (1872).

Peter Schroeder Dr. Christopher Marshall Modern United States History 2/2/17 Writing Assignment 1: The African-American Experience with Reconstruction Reconstruction among the south refers to the point in time which the United States was attempting to establish a relationship between the union and the rebels. The Union had won the civil war, so the next step was to begin to mend the broken relationship between the north and the south. Though historians cannot agree on when it began, there is merit in saying that it started before the end of the Civil War. After victory, had been solidified for the Union, attention of President Lincoln turned towards reconstruction.

This seminar offers students an introduction to the history of the African American freedom struggle beginning with the end of Reconstruction. It will engage with both the domestic and the transnational dimension of the quest for freedom against blacks’ exploitation and oppression by whites. Topics include lynching, colonialism, racial segregation, and the political struggles for decolonization and human rights. The course is designed to help students increase their knowledge of people, events, and places that were central to the African American and global struggle against racial oppression from the end of the nineteenth century to the close of the twentieth. This course is appropriate for sophomores, juniors, and seniors interested in learning

24 November 2015 The Real Death of Reconstruction There is no easy way to decide who can be held accountable for the end of the Reconstruction Era. Attempts to rebuild the South ceased to exist in 1877, just over ten years after the Confederacy surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in Appomattox Court House, Virginia. It seemed as though everything was on the right track in 1876, the one hundred year anniversary of The United States. That was, however, until the South waged conflict against black and white citizens of The United States.

It create Reconstruction Amendments, the important landmarks in civil rights for black Americans The “Reconstruction Amendments” passed by Congress between 1865 and 1870 eliminated slavery, gave black Americans equal protection under the law, and granted suffrage to black men. Although racist violence and Jim Crow laws eroded these constitutional rights, blacks still began participating in politics, and these amendments established the legal basis for more fundamental equality during the civil rights era of the 1950s and 60s. Historian Donald R. Shaffer argued that the gains during Reconstruction for African Americans were not entirely extinguished. The legalization of African-American marriage and family and the independence of black churches

Reconstruction is the time period after the Civil War, where the country attempted to improve the Union. There were many successes, but what also comes along with success is failure. During the reconstruction many failures were present; such as the lack of racial equality and blatant racism towards blacks, a failing economy in the South, and tense relations between the North and the South. This created a very intense and challenging period of time for the Union.

The thirteenth amendment stated that all former slaves were granted freedom. The reconstruction period, “did create the essential constitutional foundation for further advances in the quest for equality”. It laid the building blocks for the future building for civil rights not just for blacks but women and other minorities. Former slaves, “ found comfort in their family and in the churches they established”. Blacks took community in each other and bonded over the mutual idea of freedom .

Reconstruction a Failure or Success? Throughout the years, America has gone through many different political changes. Many presidents selected with different plans for our future. Sadly, many of those objectives have failed or came to an end.