The Role Of Anxiety In Children

The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children 2nd Edition-Self-Report (MASC 2 – SR) is a complete assessment of anxiety dimensions present in Children and Adolescents aged between 8 and 19 years [45]. The MASC 2-SR includes 50 items with subscales for measuring the Separation Anxiety, General Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Social Anxiety that includes Total, Humiliation & Rejection, Performance Fears, Obsessions/Compulsions (OCD), Physical Symptoms that includes Total, Panic and Tense & Restless and Harm Avoidance. The t –scores of the MASC 2 are based on age and sex based norms [45]. This scale is considered as the newly revised version with the essential features of the original MASC [45, 46].

However, there are many treatments that can help reduce symptoms. Generalized anxiety disorder is a mental illness that often affects women, seniors, and minorities, and can be treated long-term with CBT or short-term with natural home remedies. Jenny Lawson is an author, blogger,

Beck, A. (1976) Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press; Beck, A. & Clark (1997). An information processing model of anxiety: automatic and strategic processes. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9009043 Benjamin, C., Puleo, C., Settipani, C.Brodman, D., Edmunds, J., Cummings, C., & Kendall, P., (2011) History of cognitive: Behavioral therapy in youth child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, vol.20(2), 179-189 Burns, D. D. (1980).

Practice includes therapist modeling and role-plays. • In Sessions 10 to 13, the child is exposed to imaginary and real situations that cause increasing levels of anxiety. • In Sessions 14 and 15, children practice in high-stress, high-anxiety situations. • The final session is used to discuss the therapy experience, to review the skills, and to encourage the child to think about how to apply the skills in everyday

SPARCS incorporates elements of CBT with a focus on mindfulness and problem-solving skills (De Rosa et. al., 2006). The intervention consists an average of 16 weekly group sessions that are about an hour in length. As adolescents increasingly value autonomy and independence during this stage of life, the influence of peer groups intensifies dramatically. Thus, a group intervention such as SPARCS may be especially powerful for this population and allow youths to connect with peers that are often experiencing similar traumas.

Findings by Hranov (2007) have shown the existence of an anxiety disorder being the strongest risk factor for the progression of depression. Therefore, this diagnosis is logical and commonplace. NICE guidance states that the frontline treatment for anxiety, in this case panic disorder, and depression is cognitive behavioural therapy (National Institute for Health & Care Excellence, 2011). Additionally, findings have shown that CBT can produce enduring treatment effects even with comorbid diagnosis, for instance depression and anxiety (Craske et al., 2007; Tsao, Mystkowski, Zucker, & Craske,

Alyssa Dunnet Article Dissection 1 1) Bui, E., Hoge, E. A., Marques, L., Metcalf, C. A., Morris, L. K, Pollack, M. H., Robinaugh, J. D., Simon, N. M., & Worthington, J. J. (2013). Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness meditation for generalized anxiety disorder: effects on anxiety and stress reactivity. J Clin Psychiatry, 74(8), 786-792. doi: 10.4088/JCP.12m08083. 2) Anxiety disorder is a serious disorder that is accompanied with severe worry and psychological hyperactivity. Although there are several medication used to help treat Anxiety, other may wonder what they can do to decrease the symptoms of anxiety naturally.

SYMPTOMS OF BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER 2 Abstract Three studies, all of which are related to Borderline Personality Disorder, its symptoms and predictive factors, were examined and discussed in these three journal articles. There have not been tremendous amounts of studies and research done on symptoms of BPD in children, because this disorder is hard to diagnose, especially in younger patients. This is because some of the symptoms associated with BPD, can manifest over the years and potentially be an explanation for many other mental disorders other than a borderline personality. There are things to look out for in children’s (birth-12 years) negative behavior, that are potential precursors

I. A small amount of anxiety can be a good thing. A lot of anxiety is when it becomes a problem. “The dividing line is when the fear becomes so great that it causes a lot of distress and/or it makes the person not able to do certain things” says Dr. Bridget Walker. Having a constant or persistent feeling of fear and distress, is known as anxiety.

“According to the DSM-IV, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is an excessive or unrealistic worry about life circumstances that lasts for at least six months,” (Rathus, 2010). Anxiety has been a part of my life since early childhood because of certain events that happened to me, causing me to find threats in nonthreatening circumstances. One example would be, when I was in elementary school, I would do whatever I could to avoid participating in P.E. activities. All my classmates did the activity perfectly it seemed like, and I felt I wouldn’t be good enough and cause everyone to laugh at me. In addition to that, another thing I worry about is that almost every assignment or test I do in school isn’t good enough, even when I study hard and know the answers.

In addition to CBT, I believe medication could also help him deal with the anxiety he suffers

CBT entailed a) deriving an individualized version of the cognitive model using patient’s thoughts, images, anxiety symptoms, and dysfunctional assumptions, b) train to externally focus attention rather internally focus it, e) conduct behavioral experiments and enable the patients to test the validity of the negative predictions in various types of social situations, f) identify and modify dysfunctional assumptions and problematic anticipation/ post event negative processing. The CBT sessions will be conducted in groups of 6 and will comprise of 16 sessions in an 8 week time period. All sessions will be led by a group of psychologists, a nurse and a psychiatrist. In order to maintain integrity of the experiment all therapists will be supervised and the group sessions will be videotaped. Aim 2

2- According to Mayo Clinic the most effective type of psychotherapy is cognitive behavioral therapy. With this type of therapy, you are working up to confront the situation you fear most. Using role play to build confidence and become comfortable using social

CBT therapy strengthens the week parts of the brain that are triggering these behaviors ("Facts About Obsessive Compulsive Disorder"). Doctors have found that people with this disorder have different functioning brains, but that does not mean the ones who suffer are indeed crazy ("Facts About Obsessive Compulsive Disorder"). OCD is not make believe, it is proven by scientist, but the conspiracy of empty time is not proven, no one will ever know until there is more of The Phantom Time

Today Aaron Beck holds the title of father of cognitive behavioural therapy, which is a common therapeutic approach to multiple mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. Beck was born on the 18th of July 1921 in Rhode Island. Ironically, Becks own mother, Elizabeth, suffered from depression after the death of her daughter in the 1919 influenza epidemic. Beck majored in English and political science in Brown University; he then went on to study medicine in Yale with the ambition of becoming a neurologist. However he became interested in psychiatry as he wasn’t accepting of the method of psychoanalysis he witnessed being used in hospitals at the time.