Introduction
A number of factors affected the quickly evolving film industry after the October Revolution of 1917 and until 1932 and interpretations of historians often vary. Unquestionably, the Soviet government action was a main factor and their first All-Union Party Congress on film questions in 1928 had a lasting effect on soviet cinema. A period of hope and experimentation after 1917 inspired revolutionary modernism in soviet cinema, which played a crucial role in the development of the world’s cinematography. However, soon the Russian Communist Party under Lenin began a process of creative repression and propaganda. The crux was reached in 1932, with Stalin’s solidification of socialist realism. Although Soviet cinema was greatly affected
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In the long run, the Bolsheviks’ goal was ideological, economic, social and political, to transform Russia into a socialist state by using all means possible, therefore the involvement of government in the arts was not only unavoidable, but also necessary. Lenin impacted the early developments of cinema and setting its aims, which would become the foundation of socialist realism. Nevertheless, the first years after the revolution were focused on finding equipment, handling the fleeing creative force and creating short agitational films (agitki 1918-20) or newsreels, so the influence of government was mostly limited to urgent administrative work and …show more content…
It has to be noted that soviet sources tend to overstate Lenin’s support for cinema, whilst western sources generally ignore Lenin’s influence in the 1920s and idealise this time as being artistically free. Richard Taylor calls this period the “disorganisation of organisation”. An example is the nationalisation of cinema, which officially occurred on the 27th August 1919, but only in 1920 this process was completed. Furthermore, other journalists, such as Boltyansky in the “Velikaya Oktyabrsaya” claimed that nationalisation of cinema was only a recognition of what was already achieved by the masses. Later on, the unsuccessful Goskino established in 1922 and soon closed would further show the lack of control of the government, which is explained later on. The party had planned out their approach towards cinema, enforcement in terms of content came much later and as Richard Taylor claims, that Lunachasky and Lenin preferred a more natural and gradual approach. That is why they supported old and new forms of artistic expression, which related to the revolution and their ideology. Other people like Alexander Bogdanov, wanted to create a new proletarian cultural movement called Proletkult. This movement rejected all bourgeois art and was initially accepted by Lenin. It had 400,000 members in 300
Ishonn Shockley Mrs. Koeller English III 16 February 2017 The Hollywood Ten was a group of extremely talented directors, scriptwriters, and actors whose lives were ruined by one man. They and hundreds of others had fallen from their positions because of the political gain of the HUAC and Joseph McCarthy. The Hollywood Ten stood up and rebelled against a violation to their rights.
The years of 1924-9 for Germany were years of deceptive stability. Stability refers to a well established and firm state. In this context, stability within Germany would be a firmly established political system, a strong economy, no threats from external forces and no major divisions which would have massive implications on Germany. Germany appeared to be in a state of economic recovery but had concealed the ulterior fundamental problems that continued to exist. Germany’s economy as an entirety and parts of German society were still suffering.
Many works have been written on Stalin’s cult of personality, but none of them seemed to focus on the role of paintings specifically. This topic is thus worthy of investigation as it might shed a new light on Stalin’s cult of personality in terms of the visual arts. It is also worthy of investigation in general because his cult of personality was not an isolated phenomenon, but rather a phenomenon that has existed around many of the world leaders, and continues to exist around some today. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate the relative importance and influence of the visual arts, especially painting, in one of such cults as it may allow for the extrapolation of the conclusion to many others. Following the recommendation of Anita Pisch, Stalin’s image will be divided into three main parts that Pisch in her book The Personality Cult of Stalin in Soviet Posters refers to as archetypes.
It was seen as a revolutionary political philosophy that promoted social conservatism, fiscal prosperity, and ultra-nationalism. In the early 1910s Bolsheviki Communism was
Post WWl, Russia was still not industrialized, suffering economically and politically and in no doubt in need of a leader after Lenin’s death. “His successor, Joseph Stalin, a ruthless dictator, seized power and turned Russia into a totalitarian state where the government controls all aspects of private and public life.” Stalin showed these traits by using methods of enforcement, state control of individuals and state control of society. The journey of Stalin begins now.
The opinion of cinema was forever changed as films were now looked as more than just entertainment, but
Andre Abi Haidar PSPA 210 INTRODUCTION It is always difficult to write about and discuss Karl Marx, or more importantly the applications of Marx’s theories, due to the fact that he inspired and gave rise to many movements and revolutionaries, not all of which follow his theories to the point. Although Marx tends to be equated with Communism, it might not seem righteous to blame him for whatever shortcomings occurred when his theories were put to the test; Marx passed away well before the revolution in Russia, and he played no role in the emergence of the totalitarian regime at the time. When discussing Marx, however, Vladimir Lenin is one of the biggest highlights when it comes to studying the outcomes of Marx’s theories.
Film makers blamed others and said they regretted ever working with Communists to be left alone. Those whose careers were affected changed their names so they could keep making
Communism, an ideology developed by Karl Marx, was a key component in the revolution of USSR. Marx envisioned a society where the lower and upper classes were equal in regards to property and rights. During the Russian Revolution, an extensive amount of propaganda was used to promote communism. Although propaganda was used in various forms, the posters made a huge impact in convincing the population of Soviet Union to support the communist cause. The posters contained several healthy messages about the effects of the revolution in Soviet Union.
In the 1920s, movies became the most popular form of American entertainment. No one expected these films, that were once only a couple seconds long, to influence history as much as they did. This addition of technology to the American lifestyle had the rich and the poor lined up to see the newest showings. The movies reflected American culture and personalities. The film industry made an outstanding increase when it changed location, met competition, and when it began adding sound and color.
BBBBBOOOOOOKKKKK The relationship between film and society continue in the 1930’s. With the start of the great depression came the start of the Breen Office. The Breen Office regulated films in the mid 1930’s and the movie makers decided to embrace the American Values the Breen Office was trying to stand for. Sklar states that this new sense of American Values in film helped to “boost the morale of a confused and anxious people by fostering a spirit of patriotism, unity and commitment to national values,” (3597).
Over the fifteen weeks of the first semester of film school, we were taught many interesting types and styles of early world cinema which were extremely informative and influenced the filmmaking style of the whole class and made us better filmmakers instantly. One such ‘ism’ which inspired me the most was German Expressionism which is a unique characteristic of Weimar Cinema. In this essay I am going to talk about the history of this ‘ism’, its impact on cinema, some significant works and how it inspired me and influenced my filmmaking style. German Expressionism is one of the earliest artistic genres to influence filmmaking, and one that ostensibly prepared for some other cutting edge artistic styles and techniques. It is an artistic genre
Hollywood and the Movie Industry The 1920’s was an era of great transformation in the realm of the film industry. Hollywood created the merriment that entertainment brought. With that, it introduced a way of contentment to the entire world. The film industry truly began to flourish in the 1920’s. Thus, Hollywood is considered the birthplace for movie studios.
War communism had a devastating impact on the peasants and proletariat in Russian society between 1918 and 1928. However, the New Economic Policy that followed the Civil War effects was opposite, raising living standards and reinstating support for the Bolshevik party. Vladimir “Lenin” Ulyanov, known as the head of the notorious Bolshevik party, introduced War Communism (1918-1921) and the NEP (1921-1928). As Martin McCauley states “If War Communism was a leap into socialism then the New Economic Policy was a leap out of socialism” The aims of War Communism and the NEP were both successful in a large number of areas, however, the effects of both policies were not all favourable.
Furthermore, they wanted to start revolution against decisions made by their tragic excuse of a czar, Nicholas II. These transactions proposed as the idea of a revolution gained followers and grew greatly in hopes to create change. These transactions were right because they opposed what the people needed, which was equal treatment and protection for not only people of higher authority, but yet for everyone. Once Lenin gained control of Russia as new czar, great changes were created. As proposed, Lenin followed through with his wanted changes and made them present in Russian society.