Public and social buildings flourished in the era of the ancient Greeks and the Roman empire. While both civilizations aimed to build social places for people gathering, stoa and basilica were the most common in both the civilizations. The concept of public or social structure in the view of the ancients was varied. These structures could be used as a place for the market, as a place of buying and selling, as a place of government with administrative buildings, and as a spot for the public to cover themselves from disturbances of the weather. Stoas of ancient Greeks were located in the agora which considered to be the most important public space in Athens and the whole Greek empire. While the basilicas were usually located in every Roman town …show more content…
Unlike the Roman basilica which was almost rectangular in plan. Anyone can distinguish the difference between stoas and basilicas from their roofs. While stoas consisted of a modest open awning with a roof slope from the back wall to the colonnades of poles along the front. Roman basilicas were more famous for its dome. A shelter for people gathering. The Greek stoa is a covered portico with two colonnades of columns in doric order that supports the sloping roof, but the inner columns were designed in ionic order. the stoa was designed to give the visitors the feelings of safety, and protective atmosphere. The inner columns divide the span into rows of shops and markets that are decorated with paintings. Built by king Attalos II, the stoa of Attalos is a perfect example of the concept of the ancient Greeks stoas. Like Greeks stoas, the stoa of Attalos contained double colonnades with a row of galleries and markets behind the colonnades. In addition, the stoa had two different orders of Greek columns. The rooms of the building were lighted through aisles and small windows. The structure was built from the local materials for ancient Greek. Walls are made of limestone, while columns and the facade are made of Pentelic marbles. The structure is 115 meters long, hosting more than 40 rooms that are multifunction. Attalos dedicates the stoa as a gift for the citizens of Athens because he was learning there. The structure …show more content…
But after Christianity, the basilica became a place where people worshiped, remains its function till today. A multifunctional structure of ancient Roman civilization. The Roman basilica was the meeting place that hosts all Citizens of the empire. A place for trading and a court of justice, basilica considered to be the vein of every Roman town. Like Greek stoa, the building techniques of the basilica were columns and colonnades that divide the internal space into aisles and a huge open central hall. The central hall contains a platform that was raised from the ground level. The platform was used for judicial purposes and conflicts resolution between the people. The platform was surrounded by a dome to give greatness and prestige to the podium judge. Because the central corridor was raised than other corridors and tended to be wider, the sunlight penetrates the structure through the clerestory windows. One of the largest basilicas built in the Roman empire, the basilica of Maxentius was the last one that built in the Roman forum. King Maxentius started the construction in 308. Later on, King Maxentius was defeated by the king Constantine I who completed the structure. The basilica was the last non church basilica built in the Roman empire before the Christianity. The building consisted of rectangular plan with a central hall which was approximately (80*25 meters), the hall was surrounded with aisles
Two very important historic buildings from the Greek and Roman civilizations, namely the Parthenon and the Pantheon respectively, are worthy of academic exploration. An analysis of their function and style will help to put their design and features into perspective, and create a better appreciation for their emulation in Western civilization. These buildings possess very unique individual characteristic designs, which bears testimony to the societies from which they originate. However, they are also a resourceful database of knowledge in terms of their symbolism, rich heritage of their era and application to the present civilization.
So you 're just wandering through the twisty mediaeval streets of the centro storico (historical center), and as if the cobblestones and ivy weren 't enough, you turn the corner, and out of nowhere is this massive temple. That 's Rome for you. The best preserved ancient structure in the city, the Pantheon as you see it now was built under Hadrian between AD 120-128 circa, although the pediment above the portico is actually 100 years older and signed by Agrippa (which did in fact confuse archaeologists and historians for years). The round
Of all the architectural designs utilized by the ancient Greeks throughout history, three major Greek styles have withstood
People have dealt with many struggles and enduring issues throughout history. From the start of civilizations all the way through modern society, enduring issues are a part of life and the evolution of societies. Even today, you can look at modern society and find many examples of the impact of different enduring issues. All of these issues influence other civilizations, cultures, and societies in different ways. One such enduring issue is the issue of cultural diffusion.
Many buildings in the earlier days were built for the same reasons and by similar people, meaning the Hagia Sophia and Charlemagne’s Chapel don’t differ much in terms of being built. The Hagia Sophia in Istanbul was originally built under Constantine the Great until it was demolished and rebuilt between 532 and 537 under the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I (Hagia Sophia, Istanbul 1). Justinian’s Basilica is considered the perfect example of the Byzantine culture and the structures produced during its
The cultural values of Athens relate to architecture and their religion, while Sparta exemplified warrior values in their cultural values, but both societies shared cultural background rooted in myths and legends. The Athenian Parthenon was built by architects Iktinos and Kallikrates under the supervision of Pericles. It was a large and expensive project dedicated to the Greek god “Athena.” The Parthenon was also built on a hill or the Acropolis of Athens, highest point of Athens (Doc #2).The money used to build this Parthenon was originally meant to make Athens’ navy stronger and bigger, but Pericles used this fortune to build the Parthenon showing the power and wealth of Athens.
(Glassman, 2008). Despite the concept of perfection being a major part of Athenian culture, the columns had been placed such that there were no right angles; they all leaned inwards at about 88 degrees. The shafts were not consistently straight either — with a gradually bigger diameter of a few centimetres in the middle, it gave a visible swell to these masculine columns. The stylobate also swelled upwards, creating a bumpy flooring in the temple, allowing for rainwater to easily flow out of the Parthenon. This conjured up the optical illusion of a pyramid-like shape when one was to look up at the Parthenon from its entrance, although it was obviously a rectangular temple from afar.
The Pantheon and Brunelleschi 's Dome in Florence both share a common idea of the dome in ancient history. They were built and different times, the Pantheon and Brunelleschi 's Dome differ in both design and architecture. This paper is going to analyze the Pantheon in Rome and Brunelleschi 's Dome in terms of their constructional and design techniques, and their historical circumstances of the construction of them both. The Pantheon is one of the remaining and properly maintained buildings of the first century.
If you have never had the opportunity to see the Parthenon in Greece and the Pantheon in Italy, it’s possible that the similarity of the names would lead you to believe that they are the same or, at least, almost identical. While it is true that certain elements of the buildings mirror each other, there are major differences in their structures and functions. The architecture of each reflects the cultural ideals of the times. After the Greeks overcame the Persian invasion, Athens became the head of all of the Greek city-states. During this period, the country enjoyed peace and great prosperity.
If we look at the Pantheon, we recognize that Pantheon in Greek means to honour all Gods, which is therefore another influence that Greece had on Roman Architecture. The building design is one of a substantial round shape very much like a large barrel with a dome covering the top. There is a light-well in the centre of the dome. Layers of alluring thin brickwork cover the outside, round walls. There are small access holes that appear infrequently in the wall which were utilized during construction to frame interior voids.
Similarly, the Parthenon and Pantheon were high rising buildings which are typical of a classical
As a start, the building types are many as the private houses, baths, as well as temples and theatres and these are our points; Firstly in temples, Greeks’ structures were invented to be the home of gods called Parthenon having an obsolete religion. As inside these sanctuaries they didn’t have spots of meeting, but obeying the penances and aimed to custom an individual god in them. These temples anyways were sometimes used to be storage of votive offerings. Subsequently, they are very unique in there style and very essential modeling construction. For examples, the palace of Knossos, and Athens acropolis.
Second, the reason would have to be power. There is nothing quite as intimidating as walking into a building under massive Greek columns that often were set in such a way as to look far larger than they often were. It would also make a
The most famous example of Greek architecture is the Parthenon, a grand building with pillars located in Athens. Today pillars are used in many public buildings such as churches, and libraries. There are also pillars in many buildings in Washington D.C., including the White House. Another example of Greek architecture is the library, the very first library
The Parthenon in Athens and the Pantheon in Rome depict the splendor of these two cultures. Starting with the Parthenon, it was completely constructed in 432 B.C.E by the architects Iktinos and Kallikrates to honor the Athen’s patron deity, Athena, and to house her statue. It is rectangular and consisted of a series of Doric columns. However, it is a mixture of the Doric and Ionic orders. The Pentelic marble, bronze, gold, and ivory are the basic media used in this construction.