RULE measles IF temperature = very_high AND spots = yes AND inoculated <> yes THEN Diagnosis = measles; If VP-Expert is attempting to use this rule to find a value for Diagnosis, it will first check whether temperature is very_high (finding a value for temperature if necessary), then whether spots is yes, and so on. For efficiency, VP-Expert gives up on such a rule immediately if it cannot prove one of the premises. For example, if temperature is not very_high, it does not try to find spots or innoculated. OR is handled differently. For example, consider: RULE allergy IF spots = yes OR rash = yes THEN Diagnosis = allergy; Even if VP-Expert can prove spots = yes, it will still ask about rash (even though it doesn't need to). To decrease …show more content…
It is possible, however, to force it to find all values for variables instead. This is done with the PLURAL statement (which must be placed before the ACTIONS block): PLURAL: list of variables; While you don't have to make all of the variables in your knowledge base PLURAL, you must at least include all that would support the kind of multiple results you wish to obtain. In the "medical" knowledge base we have been working with so far, for example, if you wish to make treatment plural, then you must make diagnosis plural as well: PLURAL: treatment, diagnosis; You may also have to change the structure of your rules that deal with PLURAL variables. In particular, you cannot count on the "order of evaluation" when structuring your rules; nor can you use ELSE to set the value of a PLURAL variable, as it would always be used. For example, if the variable cost were PLURAL, we could not use the following rules: RULE cheap IF price < 20 THEN cost = cheap; RULE expensive IF price < 100 THEN cost = medium ELSE cost = …show more content…
Like the ELSE, it should be the last rule involving treatment for this to work correctly. 3.6.9 Plural Inputs It is also possible to set up your ASK statements to allow the user to choose more than one option from the menu by making that variable PLURAL. This is often faster for the user than having to answer multiple questions. For example: PLURAL: symptoms; ... ASK symptoms: "Choose all symptoms that you have." CHOICES symptoms: sore_throat, spots, rash, none; The user can then press ENTER by each one which holds, and press END to confirm the list. 3.6.10 Printing Variables with Multiple Values The DISPLAY statement works with PLURAL variables, printing all of its values in column format. For example, the code: DISPLAY "I prescribe the following:" DISPLAY "{treatment}" Might print: I prescribe the following: Penicillin Allergy pills Bed rest 3.6.11 Adding Explanations to Rules There are many situations where it is useful to justify the conclusions reached by an expert system. VP-Expert has (limited) capabilities for allowing you to add such explanations to rules, with the BECAUSE statement: RULE
Not function can be used to check if the certain condition is met or not. Formula and Explanation There is only one parameter in the NOT function that is logical value. Compulsory Parameter: Logical: it is numeric value 0 is considered as false and rest of the values considered as true.
The knowledge base consists of a collection of fuzzy if-then rules of the following form: $R^{l}$: if $x_1$ is $F_1^{l}$ and $x_2$ is $F_2^{l}$ and $ldots$ and $x_n$ is $F_n^{l}$, then is $G^{l},~l=1,2, cdots ,n$, where $x=[x_1,cdots,x_i]^{T}$ and $y$ are the FLS input and output, respectively. Fuzzy sets $F_i^{l}$ and $G^{l}$, associated with the fuzzy functions $mu_{{F_i}^{l}}(x_i)$ and $mu_{{G}^{l}}(y)$, respectively. $N$ is the rules inference number. \Through singleton function, center average defuzzification and product inference cite{shaocheng2000fuzzy}, the FLS can be expressed as: For any continuous function $f(x)$ defined on a compact set $Omegain R^n$, there exists a fuzzy system $y(x) = heta ^T
They may be either 1s or 0s. They are helpful if they allow us to form a larger group than would otherwise be possible without the don’t cares. Only use don’t cares in a group if it simplifies the logic. 5. The goal of circuit minimization is to obtain the smallest circuit that represents a given Boolean formula or truth table.
x = 10 while x ! = 0 : print x x = x - 1 print " we 've counted x down, and it now equals", x print "And the loop has now ended." Boolean Expressions
Since last August 20, these 12 people have been listening and watching all the evidence against the police officer. They had until January 7 to complete all procedures related to this case. Usually a grand jury meets once a week, however in this case the meetings occurred more frequently.
Accordingly, to Tara Haelle, author of “The Measles Outbreak is Twice as Big as You Thought”, published in Scientific American, in 2015, the main idea is on March 6, about 173 cases were reported because of measles. However, Canada had an outbreak more than 100 cases that was also affected by the measles. The measles virus is infecting the children more. The measles are a contagious virus that is spread by someone. The virus can be spread by inhaling from an affected person.
However, the limitations of abbreviations exceed the benefits. Medical abbreviations can have multiple meanings in the different fields of medicine. This could cause confusion and lead to clinical errors. This creates poor communication with the staff and could cause more health problems for the patient or even death.
Medical documents for example write policies and procedures based on evidence based practice leading to credibility of the
Through providing facts and data, the authors demonstrate the usage of logical
Economics Research Assignment Introduction - Immunization rates in Australia are very high as they are perceived by the general public as immunity. Vaccinations protect children of all ages in a safe and effective manner against harmful diseases that can seriously affect our welfare. Despite there medical benefits however some parent choose not to proceed with the immunization of their child or children. As a result, the Australian government is changing their policy to better ensure the Australian public is protected from prevalent disease. This essay will evaluate and economically de-construct the affects of government interference of the current immunization payment method.
The legal system in Canada is recognized as a neutral, predictable and impartial system in maintaining social order. Each citizen is guaranteed a fair and equal treatment from the legal system. The law thereby acts like an equal, predictable and calculable system. However, the jury system has questionable actions, unclear purpose and undermines the entire legal system of equality. This paper will demonstrate how the jury system fails and lacks the capacity to judge and indict the accused because of the jurors’ bias and flaws in problem solving.
If we were to do this again, I think we would need to ask patients directly and ask more individuals to participate in the observation. If we all compared notes afterwards it would show how accurate our interpretations of patient experience were relative to
To accurately determine this, each trial will have recorded dependent and independent variables, constants and a control. The hypothesis being researched, indicates higher temperatures allow for a rapid rate of dissolution. In this particular case with someone needing Alka Seltzer, they will feel better faster if they use hot water to dissolve the medicine before
This assignment has impacted my perspective on evidence-based practice by helping me build clinical reasoning skills and knowledge of difference diagnoses that will enables me to apply the most high-quality and appropriate intervention strategies that is proven effective in improve patient’s treatment outcome.
Rule induction algorithms usually employ a specific-to-general approach, in which obtained rules are generalized until a satisfactory description of each class is