Historiographical Review: Witchcraft
When studying witch craft over the past 500 years or so, authors have covered a lot of material. , the In Carlo Ginzburg’s work, The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century, he attempts to locate the origin of the ‘Benandanti’ belief and how it came to be in the Friuli region of Italy. The Benandanti were a group of people who believed that during the Ember Days of the year, after they fell asleep, that their souls left their bodies and went off to fight witches in the night. Ginzburg goes into great detail on the many trials associated with the benandanti during this time. In Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum’s work, Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft,
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The authors studied primary sources including church records, town history, and many undocumented local sources. Through the study of these sources, Boyer and Nissenbaum focus their attention of the people of Salem and how they interacted with one another. This demonstrates how the factions came to hate one another and how the class difference may have led to a more gruesome witch hunt. Ginzburg took a social history approach as well and studied mostly court documents from benandanti cases. These primary sources allowed Ginzburg to see the social differences between the inquisitors and the accused within the trial. In showing the inquisitors intelligence and manipulation of the peasants, it can be seen that the benandanti were not treated as much of a threat but still related to witch craft. Bostridge took a more cultural approach, studying the published works of many well-known authors and historians. These authors include John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, Daniel Defoe and a few others. He used these primary sources to demonstrate the connection between political and religious beliefs and witch
Most of the citizens in Stamford did not want any witches or supernatural things around them, for their fear of the devil. Richard Godbeer gave the reader specific scenarios about witchcraft, to show how apposed people were to it despite it being so
In Arthur Miller's play "The Crucible," Reverend John Hale is portrayed as a man of great faith who is called upon to investigate the mysterious occurrences in Salem, Massachusetts, during the witch trials of the late 17th century. Although Hale initially believes that he is doing God's work by rooting out the supposed witches in the community, he eventually comes to realize that the accusations are baseless and that innocent people are being condemned to death. In this essay, we will explore how Reverend Hale could have prevented the events in Salem by using his knowledge and authority to challenge the prevailing hysteria and superstition. Firstly, Reverend Hale could have used his knowledge of the Bible and his position as a respected member of the community to challenge the accusations of witchcraft.
The book by Rosalyn Schanzers Witches! The absolutely true tale of disaster in salem gives information about the salem witch trials. The surroundings of the trials(such as weather)changed from winter all the way through spring 1692.They also were very paranoid of a lot of things. Such as witches and the devil. The main theories i will state are Reasons for the witch hunts.
This explains that the results of the Salem witch trials and the trials themself resulted in a panic and affected all different kinds of people. Both eras demonstrate skepticism and a lack of trust, as well as the uncertainty regarding whether or not individuals were communists or
Was The Crucible historically accurate? It was loosely accurate. A lot of the stories were definitely over dramatized. There were outrageous accusations on almost everyone. Here is how it all started.
In Document B, Demos presents that most of the accusers of witches were single females in their younger years of age. In the late 1600s, women were extremely dependent upon men for their financial stability, overall safety, and mental/emotional well being. In an interpretation of this document, it can be assumed that these younger female women were seeking family ties and protection in a harsher time period. On the same hand, Document C, a most likely extremely biased account, recounts the “bewitched actions” of Bridget Bishop, a witch, upon the afflicted. Samuel Parris, the examiner of Bishop, seems to shed a negative light on Bishop.
REVIEW OF LITRATURE A.) SUMMARY SOURCE A Although the whole book had information on the Salem witch trials. The introduction, chapter 1 and 2 and the conclusion had information regarding the research needed • Introduction: states what the Salem witch trials where and who they accused.
In today’s society, people believe in many superstition. But in order to fully understand superstitions one must learn the roots of superstition and where it came from. The roots of superstition come from the Elizabethan era in Britain. We as people have a tendency to overlook how things came about. We also must learn in steps, or a process what made superstition such a huge component of how people lived in the Elizabethan era.
Carol Karlsen 's The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England provides a sociological and anthropological examination of the witchcraft trends in early New England. By examining the records, Karlsen has created what she suggests was the clichéd 'witch ' based on income, age, marital status, etc. She argues that women who had inherited or stood to inherit fairly large amounts of property or land were at particular risk, as they "stood in the way of the orderly transmission of property from one generation of males to the next." These women, Karlsen suggests, were targeted largely because they refused to accept "their place" in colonial society.
This reveals how the fear of persecution and the desire for absolution led many individuals to falsely accuse others of witchcraft and to betray their friends and neighbors in order to save their own
The Salem Witch Trials; Madness or Logic In Stacey Schiff’s, List of 5 Possible Causes of the Salem Witch Trials and Shah Faiza’s, THE WITCHES OF SALEM; Diabolical doings in a Puritan village, discuss in their articles what has been debated by so many historians for years, the causes of the Salem Witch trials. Schiff and the Faiza, purpose is to argue the possible religious, scientific, communal, and sociological reasons on why the trials occurred. All while making word by word in the writer’s testimony as if they were there through emotion and just stating simply the facts and theories. They adopt the hectic tone in order to convey to the readers the significance, tragedy, logic, loss, and possible madness behind these life changing events,
The witch craft phase germinated in Europe during the high middle ages due to the Church focusing on the persecution of heresy in order to maintain unity of doctrine, leaving practitioners of paganism to be persecuted by authorities, thus creating the mentality of magic being heresy against Christianity among the Christians from 1480-1700, as witches were persecuted in most of Europe with recorded numbers exceeding 100,000, most of which were tortured until they gave in and admitted to the perpetuated lie, but this wasn’t the case in England, as they didn’t utilize torture. Individuals were accused to be witches because of peoples’ attempt at rationalizing what they didn’t understand or feared as witchcraft, believing that the ‘practitioners
Much of what happens in Salem still resembles some things we see in society today. The word of one man can change people’s ideas and images of another without conclusive evidence. What people fear the most can sometimes bind us together, even if it is not
The play The Crucible written by Arthur Miller, is a story that takes place in Salem during the time when witches were real. The story of these people accusing each other of witchcraft to cover up their own story of attempting witchcraft which leads to innocent people being hanged for something they are not. Those people would rather die than to lie about confessing they have been with the Devil, because only cowards lie and the brave keep to the truth till the end. John Proctor’s wife Elizabeth is accused of witchcraft by Abigail. Because John rejected
The Salem witch trials was one of the most absurd and tragic events in history of pre-colonial America. A fine example of how believing in accusations and hearsay could affect a lot of people in a short span of time. the justice system is flawed and prejudice was allowed to reign over the people. I found this topic very interesting even though it is one of the most regretted in history. I’ve always been the type of person who likes reading all those weird and peculiar things on the internet.