Punished By Victor Rios: Chapter Analysis

Another point that Rios examines is youth experience of illegality. Immigrant youth join gangs for the intent of acceptance. The stigmatization of immigrants can have a negative impact, which can lead to high levels of

All information is based on the article, ´ Cops Mentoring Kids: An Investment in Crime Reduction´ written on February 13, 2017 by Chief Tomas Sanchez, head of the Hollywood, Florida, Police Department. In 1999, Sanchez became the department's first Hispanic lieutenant. He went on to form the Cops Mentors Kids program as a way of guiding his communities youth to greater success.

The article The Saints and the Roughneck, written by William J. Chambliss discusses the discrepancy of treatment between two groups of juveniles who participate in approximately equal number of delinquent behaviors. Chambliss performed a two-year observation study of two groups of students, at Hannibal High School, he characterized the two groups as Saints and Roughnecks. The Saints group consisted of eight boys from upper-middle class families, well liked in their community and thought to have bright futures ahead of them. The Roughnecks were a group of six boys from lower-class families, feared by society and seen to be heading to failure in the future.

Rios’s book examines the punitive social control in Oakland and his study focuses on young Black and Latino males who have a history of criminalization and interactions with various forms of social

There are indication that most criminals have a juvenile records in the US, indicating that crime manifests from a tender age. Therefore, to reverse the incidence of crime, it follows that the best strategy is to reduce the criminal orientation in the juvenile offenders as opposed to hardening them and preparing them for criminal careers. The case of the Crossroads Juvenile Center demonstrates the willingness of the juvenile justice systems to make these changes on the children. References Day, S. (2014). Runaway Man: A Journey Back to Hope.

According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquent Preventions, the Juvenile arrest rate in 1967 was a total of 2.4 million children ages 12-17. The Outsiders was written in this year. The realistic fictional novel, The Outsiders, by S. E. Hinton and the article, “What Causes Juvenile Delinquency,” by Ilanna Sharon Mandel, both relate to Juvenile Delinquency and its effects on children and their loved ones. Mandel’s points towards Juvenile Delinquency can be applied to Ponyboy and the other greasers through peer influences, family life, self-esteem, race discrimination, and horrible trauma.

According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquent Preventions, the Juvenile arrest rate in 1967 was a total of 2.4 million children ages 12-17. This was the year The Outsiders was written in. The realistic fictional novel, The Outsiders, by S. E. Hinton and the article, “What Causes Juvenile Delinquency,” by Ilanna Sharon Mandel both relate to Juvenile Delinquency and its effects on children and their loved ones. Mandel’s points towards Juvenile Delinquency can be applied to Ponyboy and the other greasers through peer influences, family life, self-esteem, race discrimination, and horrible trauma.

The Juvenile system was first established around 1899 during the Progressives Era Reforms. The progressive era reform was the first system to actually try to reform juveniles due to the fact that they were being trialed as adults. Psychologist made developments with research on the psyche of the juveniles being trialed as adults not beneficial to the state of mind that some minors can’t comprehend at the adult level. The findings from the research that were conducted, made society change their views on the juvenile delinquency.

The study was focused on Latino and African American young men that are dealing with poverty, violence, and racism. Rios starts off by collecting information holding interviews and observations through the inner city and the schools systems. The next step in the process of the study is talking to youth development workers in the city, to discuss ways to create community centers for the young men to go to, when they are at risk. The young men could face or be at risk for detention, being arrested, or placed in the juvenile system.

Overall, the juvenile justice system has evolved over the years to accommodate male delinquents, as they have typically been the majority of incarcerated children. As well as being in the minority, girls have been viewed throughout the years as being “wayward”, but not criminal like male delinquents (Thibodeau, 2002). Male juvenile delinquents have historically had several avenues for rehabilitation, including boarding schools, job placement, and reporting centers ( Green, 2017). Female delinquents are more likely to be

The most startling rate of criminal involvement among many adolescents and young juveniles (young adults) is a major cause of concerns in Canada and the world at large. On the contrary, it is not accidental that the vast majority of youth who have enact these vicious crimes are incarcerated or place in juvenile detention centres. With the onset of mental health issues are currently on the rise scientific research are intended to comprehend this episode of juvenile offenders has prompted an investigation of the many contributing risk factors associated with these types of behavioural problems. In relation to this stigma what

Some major findings in this study were that participants were significantly more violent than the average juvenile delinquent. They were also asked about the most serious crimes that they had ever committed finding that among the 34 participants, 5 terrorist threats, 5 murders, 2 attempted murders, 1 manslaughter, 12 burglaries, 11 strong-armed robberies, 9 assaults with a deadly weapon, 8 drug possessions with intent to deal, 6 gun possessions, and 5 shootings. There were many preexisting risk factors that included exposure to violence, vicarious victimization, and criminal and delinquent acts. In the aspect of their future expectations, they mostly had negative expectations. When the young males were asked about future risks, they really felt like they would be the victim of a violent crime or even shot at.

Victor Rios begins chapter six by describing the way the Latino boys he studied used masculinity as a rehabilitative tool. He describes how the boys are constantly “questioning” each other’s manhood as a way of proving their own masculinity. “The boys’ social relations with one another and with community members were saturated with expressions and discourses of manhood” (pg.125). Rios continues to describe the affects criminalization and its gendered practices has influenced these young boy’s mentality of what it means to be masculine. In chapter six, the author explains that although the boys had easy access to weapons, they rarely used them because of their clear understanding the consequences associated with such violence.

Within the urban communities, negative perceptions are magnified. Adolescents are more prone to be a product of their environment, especially those whose parents are incarcerated. Because of this trend adolescents are being incarcerated at an alarming rate and sentenced to adult facilities. Lambie & Randall (2013) states, the United States have imposed harsher penalties on serious young offenders, and have consequently increased rates of incarcerated youth and made it easier for youth to be treated and incarcerated as adults within the justice

Family Influences on Deliquency. Retrieved from http://samples.jbpub.com/9780763760564/60564_CH10_Springer.pdf Greenwood, P. (2008). Prevention and Programs for Juvenile Offenders. Gudjonsson, E. &.