Now that we established Nietzsche’s views on truth, metaphor, and the nature of art, let's explore the validity of these views. Let’s start with Nietzsche’s reference to the translation of nerve impulses into the senses. We tend to think of what we see as what is there, however the data we have to work with are levels of signal from the rods and cones in our eyes which are used to construct the image we see in the visual cortex. The visual cortex performs many operations on the “sights” we see such as flipping the image we see (we believe that given the way the light enters our eyes the image should appear upside down and that the visual cortex processes the image so it appears rightside up), and filling in the blind spot. We do not usually …show more content…
Some language conventions are clearly manufactured but still influence our thought and what we consider true about the world. The concepts of race, ethnicity, and gender are notable examples of this. However, some more basic aspects of our world also rely on constructed concepts. We look at objects and make a distinction between different colors. From a scientific perspective, what we describe as color is actually different frequencies of light, and although different frequencies of light do act differently in how they are reflected and how they are absorbed by rods and cones, the general categories we give to colors create distinctions that are not present in reality. This understanding can be reflected in looking at other things, how do recognise something as a pen, a mammal, or a mountain. We distinguish mountains and islands by their position and whether they are surrounded by water or air, but are they not both just places where part of the land rises above the surrounding land? We find this distinction important due to our position in relation to these features, and because it is important to us that the area surrounding the area is filled with something we can breathe or …show more content…
For instance, we would like to take quantity as an absolute, but what if it is actually a convention we invented to allow us to talk about things as having number. In a discussion on Nietzsche I had with my family, my father mentioned that he could not see how 1+1=2 is not genuinely true. However this sentiment is controversial. One interpretation is that 2 is defined as “1+1”, so the statement is true by definition and thus tautological. Another group suggests that Peano Axioms can prove that 1+1=2, but opponents of this proof have pointed out that the axioms were designed to purposely so that the already accepted statement 1+1=2 could be constructed from the axioms, and that any axiom that would allow a contradicting relation to be constructed would be rejected when the axioms were chosen. Therefore, therefore Peano Axioms do not offer a compelling proof that 1+1=2 is true other than by definition. As Nietzsche himself stated, it is not an impressive discovery if you hid something and then later found it in the place you put it. We may want to believe that math and science is true beyond definition as it is consistent, reliable, and allows us to produce unexpected results and means of manipulating the world. However, computer science is also often consistent and reliable, along with producing useful and sometimes unexpected results. Yet, for the most part computer science is built on
If there is no biological basis for race, then it is clear race is created by human for their own purpose. Racial ideas are manifested in social inequality and unfair distribution. One of the factors of race is racial classification. The article of Colorblind challenges
I have seen the unique place in the organic world occupied by the human species, the profound physical, as well as moral, differences separating it from all kinds of living creatures. Race, technically, refers to differential concentrations of gene frequencies responsible for traits. They are separated from one another, on the basis of certain biological characteristics. Principle races are Caucasoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid. Most educated folks would settle for the actual fact that the planet isn’t flat which it revolves around the sun.
The need for categorization resulted to race being defined in institutional contexts such as “a group of people who perceive themselves and are perceived by others as possessing distinctive hereditary traits” (Ore, 2014, p.9). With this definition, it becomes easier to group individuals in limited categories, such as by their color. What is important to note is the attached perceptions and assumptions based on one’s racial background; this constitutes the social construct of race. As Ore (2014) explains, we do not create these assumptions due to their biological factors as individual people, but rather as social factors. Social construction of race goes all the way back to when the person is born.
A very controversial topic of discussion today involves the difference between the biological and social view of race. The biological view sees a population according to traits that are passed down biologically, this is where the term “race” comes from. It would be somewhat accurate to say that people from different parts of the world have some differences biologically. The issue in this argument is found when people see that there may be some differences biologically but try to segregate them into fixed categories. What is found by this is that by assessing this biology and peoples' appearance, you can categorize them into a specific race.
Race and ethnicity are two terms which are used interchangeably in every day conversation, however, there is a distinction between the two. Race is a categorization of people who have been singled out as inferior or superior, often on the basis of phenotype – observable physical characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, eye shape, or other selective attributes. Race is a social construct and has been known to change with historical and political events. Contrarily, ethnicity does not necessarily provide visual clues, instead, ethnicity is categorized on the basis of a shared common culture and includes elements such as language, norms, customs, religion, music, art, literature. Ethnic Groups are developed by their unique history
Critics of Religion Midterm 2. Although Friedrich Nietzsche’s ideas and work have long been associated with atheism and even the antisemitism that would eventually lead to the Holocaust, I think a slightly more fitting description of his point of view in The Genealogy of Morals might be “anticlerical”. While I believe there are good arguments that can be made for both atheism and anticlericalism, Nietzsche seems to focus most of his energy on critiquing religious clergy such as priests as well as organized religion and its impact on morality, rather than critiquing belief in God. The first essay includes an etymology of the words “good” and “bad” and how they underwent a transvaluation at some point due to religious clergy, which ultimately lead to a morality system that he argues is not natural or innate within us.
Journal 3 Language is a beautiful thing. It gives us the ability to communicate our thoughts and explain ideas that are otherwise confined within our mind. We create new words and recycle parts of other ones in an attempt to put into words the feelings we can’t describe. However, language also restricts us; it’s evolution over time favors those in power. Whenever I talk to friends and family, “American” defaults to white Americans rather than Native Americans or African Americans or the general American public.
During Beau Lotto's Ted Talk, Optical Illusions Show How we See, he discusses how the eyes detect light differently than how it actually is. His purpose for having the speech is to teach about that subject. He explains how what we see isn’t just based off of the color of an object but the illumination given off by it as well as other objects around it. So, our sensory information is essentially meaningless. We can see a physically identical object, but if it is interrupted by another form of illumination, how we see can be completely changed.
These flaws make the biological basis of the race concept an untenable idea. The first flaw with the biological basis of the race concept is that features attributed to race vary in a clinal fashion rather than being broken into different categories. Perhaps the most iconic feature attributed to race is skin color, but skin color cannot be broken into discrete categories. As “Race the Power of an Illusion” demonstrated in the first episode, skin color variation in humans can be seen as a gradient where the similarity between variations can be determined by geographical distance.
Social construction is an event made by people from a specific society or culture, which exist only because people agreed to act like it exists for certain regulations. Therefore, a race is a socially constructed category, because it was made to give people from different parts of the world/worldwide an identity when they weren’t a specific “norm” identity. Major details of racial formation theory, where the different cultures, and society, including European culture, scientific theories, and even the time it took place. The racial project represents the race and characteristics of physical appearances, language, and thought. The social origin of racial classification comes from Europeans, slavery, and racial colonization.
Introduction Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844 in the small village of Röcken, Germany. Nietzsche mainly was raised by his Franziska his mother, his sister Elisabeth and two unmarried aunts after his father, Karl Ludwig Nietzche, died 5 years after his birth. Nietzsche had a religous unbringing with his father being a Protestant minister, as well as only living a few yards away from Rocken’s church in the Pastor’s house. The family soon moved to nearby Naumburg an der Saale after the death of his father.
Rather than using a display of colour for the simple purpose of "spectacle", colours help drive the narrative and become significant "characters" and fundamental to the development of the story, rather than just mere parts of the mise-en-scene. The idea of colour as a language in which each of them help convey an idea and an
005.1 “Nihilism now appears, not because the sorrows of existence are greater than they were formerly, but because, in a general way, people have grown suspicious of the meaning which might be given to evil and even to existence. One interpretation has been overthrown: but since it was insured to be the interpretation, it seems as though there were no meaning in existence at all, as though everything were in vain.” [FNWP12] Commentary: To Nietzsche, the Nihilism appears in his time in a consequence of the interpretation of the world has changed, not because difficulties of existence were greater than before, but there was changed the meaning of evil and of existence. This new interpretation preached that was useless and without meaning the
The use of lighting and filters for colours is not just used for simple illumination but it is more meaningful. It helps to understand the characters and focus our attention on certain objects and actions. The colour can be used as a motif, an occurring manifestation in which the shades themselves become an important part of the story, reflecting emotions, altering situations and underlining scenes. (Bordwell, Thompson and Smith, n.d.)