American society in the 1940’s was racially segregated. Public facilities including buses, theaters, and railroad stations excluded black patrons. Among many other parts of American life, baseball, like most professional sports, was equally discriminatory against African Americans. The major leagues only signed white players and denied any black man the opportunity to play professionally. They were restricted to their own Negro Leauges. Until one day, in 1946, Branch Rickey chose a man named Jackie Robinson to became the first African American man to play professional baseball. He broke the “color barrier” in the world of sports and became the most historically significant baseball player ever.
The movie 42, released on April 12, 2013, depicts
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Jackie Robinson plays with a Negro team called the Kansas City Monarchs. Around the same time, Branch Rickey who is a Major League Team executive for the Brooklyn Dodgers, was looking for a black player who could help him break the color barrier in the major leagues. With his strong determination and the help of , he successfully finds Jackie Robinson. He offers him a contract for his minor league team, the Montreal Royals, in which Robinson accepts. Rickey knew that this would be hard on Robinson and made him promise not to fight back when confronted with racism. Rickey also personally tested him with racial slurs to prepare him for what he was going to endure. Robinson spent the 1946 baseball season with the Montreal Royals. The team’s reaction was a mixture of enthusiasm, curiosity, and racism. Although Robinson’s presence tripled the game attendance, they still had to cancel a road trip game because people in the south refused to let blacks and whites play on the same field. The next year, Rickey signed Robinson to play second base for the Brooklyn Dodgers. The St. Louis Cardinals and the Philadelphia Phillies threatened to boycott games with the Dodgers. However, the problem was quickly solved by threatening to kick out any player who went on strike. During this year, Robinson endured constant threats from the stands, pitchers would purposely aim balls at him, and even the Philadelphia Phillies manager, Ben Chapman, shouted …show more content…
In fact, there were several occasions where it showed Robinson having to sleep in a separate hotel or eat at different restaurants than the team. It is true that players started a petition against him and one team member, Pee Wee Reese, refused to sign it. Also many teams, specifically the Phillies manager, were extremely hard on him. They would taunt him during the game by screaming racial slurs at him. The movie shows one of the most intense situations where Ben Chapman, Phillies manager, started yelling racial slurs trying to distract Robinson. However, at the end of the game, it showed Chapman and Robinson posing together for a picture. Robinson revealed that posing with Chapman was “one of the hardest things he had to make himself do”. This scene was accurate in showing Branch Rickey’s comment years later that, “Chapman did more than anybody to unite the Dodgers. When he poured out that string of unconscionable abuse, he solidified and unified thirty men” to be true. Jackie’s widow, Rachel Robinson, was very pleased with the movie. She wanted to make sure that the movie was not about the famous actors but about the person they were playing. She was glad that the producers took her advice, and selected two unknown actors to play herself and Jackie. The director also made sure that they had the look and feel of American baseball during that time period by detailing the
When Robinson joined the Royals, even some of his new teammates were outraged at having an African-American on their team. People in the crowds often booed Robinson, and he and his family received death threats. Despite the racial issues, Robinson had an outstanding season with the Royals, leading the league with a .349 batting average and .985 fielding percentage. His successful year with the Royals allowed him to join the Dodgers. Robinson played his first game at Ebbets Field on April 15, 1947, making history as the first black athlete to play Major League Baseball.
People should stand up for and support each other regardless of race or social class. Robinson sits alone on a locker room bench in front of his official Dodgers jersey. Unlike his teammates who had lockers, he only had
Montreal won the league pennant, and after one game the fans carried Robinson around the field in celebration. The next season, Robinson was brought to spring training by the Dodgers. After he made the major league club, rumblings were heard around the league. Some baseball people predicted that Robinson would not make it simply because he was black. One New York reporter said, "Robinson may be going good now, but colored boys have no endurance.
The New York Times covered Jackie Robinson's debut as something historical, however, it was not something covered with so much enthusiasm, but, that was probably in part due to the Times effort in being impartial. In their piece, titled “Play Ball!,” written by Arthur Daley, he did acknowledge the historical significance, but, how he believed the organization made it a secret of Robinson’s signing. In the article, he writes on how it seemed that the Dodgers organization brought in Robinson as if it were a secret or in his words "practically smuggled him in." According to the article, Branch Rickey, owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers at the time, signed Robinson quietly in hopes of keeping the pressure off Robinson. He was no ordinary rookie and
Rickey’s main reason to bring black players onto the Brooklyn Dodgers was that he saw it as an easy way to win games. Robinson was summoned to Rickey’s office on August 28, 1945 and his hiring was then announced two months later in Montreal. As a black man, spring training for Robinson in Florida was very rough due to the segregation laws and some games were cancelled because of his presence. Even some players created a petition saying that they would not play with Robinson. In 1947, Robinson made the major leagues, causing a slew of racially motivated actions.
Jackie Robinson was the first black baseball player to play at the professional level, he was fearless, courageous, willful and strong. He was an advocate for civil rights, as well as a great baseball player. He had to try to keep quiet, and keep to himself while playing, but became a stronger and more extreme advocate over time. A leader on and off the fields dealing with much more than just baseball, he also had to deal with the criticism and racial tensions of a prominently white game. Branch Rickey, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers, was a showman who knew how to make money and fame in baseball “he had made a fortune for the cardinals as well as himself, and black talent could argument his bottom line by transforming his struggling dodgers
Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier when he became the first African American to play Major League Baseball. He signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947, and was named Rookie of the year that year, national league mvp in 1945, and a world series champ in 1955. Born january 31st, 1919, in cairo georgia, Robinson became the first african american athlete to play major league baseball of the 20th century. Throughout his decade long career, Robinson thought of himself as talented player, and a vocal civil rights activist. In 1955, he helped the Brooklyn Dodgers win the world series.
”Robinson, however, finally broke his emotional and political silence in 1949, becoming an outspoken and controversial opponent of racial discrimination”. He criticized the slow pace of baseball integration and objected to the Jim Crow practices in the Southern states where most clubs held spring training. Robinson led other ballplayers in urging baseball to use its economic power to desegregate Southern towns, hotels, and ballparks. “Because most baseball
He and his family received many threats, and even some of his own teammates rejected to play with him. Although Jackie Robinson was facing a lot of discrimination, he still had a .349 batting average which is exceptional (“Jackie Robinson Statistics and History) One of the most famous conflicts was between Jackie Robinson and the Philadelphia Phillies manager, Ben Chapman. He and his team would yell gruesome comments at Jackie Robinson all game, especially when he was up to bat. The Phillies even tried to throw the ball directly at his head to injure him.
Robinson signed the contract as long, as for three years he wouldn’t respond to any racial comment, no matter how bad it was( “Negro Leagues: Jackie Robinson”). Again, we see that Robinson is a good example for us to follow in that he doesn’t get angry fast and doesn’t respond back to all the rude comments he
All though he was not permitted to play in the MLB he proved that he was a good equipped to not be overlooked. “Robinson proved to be a highly effective player, batting about .345 for the year. At this time major league baseball did not permit black players to play on either minor league or major league teams, pursuant to an unwritten agreement among the owners that dated back to the 19th century” (History.com) Robinson proved to many MLB scouts that he is capable of playing in the MLB even with his ethnicity. It was stunning that from his first year back from playing baseball he hit a .345 which was enough to play in the MLB the following year. Jackie Robison impacted the world of sports for multiple African Americans by starting off playing in the Negro Leagues then transitioning into the Major Leagues.
He even made spiteful references to Robinson, telling him to go back to the cotton gin and calling him a brown monkey. In almost all the games Robinson played he would experience some form of prejudice. Whether he was hit by a pitch, escorted off the field by a police officer midway through the game, or booed at by the crowd, he was never fully accepted as a player. All of these scenes of Robinson playing baseball were
In times of intense divide, the United States often finds a unifying symbol to bring the country together; during the 1950s and 1960s, this was baseball. At this point in American history, baseball was the national pastime. It dominated the world of sports and entertainment for Americans. One of the major reasons baseball was so popular was due to the proliferation of media outlets writing about, discussing, and analyzing the sport. During the Civil Rights Era, radio and newspapers had an important role with the iconic star, Jackie Robinson.
Jackie couldn’t eat at the same restaurant or stay in the same hotel as his teammates whenever he traveled South with his team (O’Sullivan 23). Throughout all of this discrimination, Robinson remained silent and didn’t respond to any provocation, answer any insults, or speak out against racism
October 23, 1945, Jackie Robinson shook hands with Branch Rickey, officially changing baseball and society, signing with the Brooklyn Dodgers. Robinson grew up in a poor household in Pasadena, California. He attended UCLA, making himself a four sport star athlete . Major league baseball had been segregated at the time, with the only black men playing in separate Negro Leagues. Branch Rickey, the owner of the Dodgers, wanted to break the color barrier.