Respiration is the antithesis to the process of photosynthesis, in which carbon dioxide and water is taken in by autotrophs, along with sunlight, to make glucose and oxygen. Autotrophs include any photosynthesizing organisms, such as plants and algae, all of whom also undergo respiration. The products of photosynthesis are taken in by heterotrophs, organisms who cannot make their own energy and rely upon autotrophs for food. The by-products of their respiration - carbon dioxide and water - are then used for photosynthesis.
Gas exchange is a biological process through which different gases are transferred in opposite directions across a specialized respiratory surface. Gases are constantly required by, and produced as a by-product of, cellular
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These, in turn, lead to ever-finer branches. The branches penetrate to every part of the body. At their extreme ends, called tracheoles, they may be less than 1 µm in diameter. Every cell in the insect's body is adjacent to, or very close to, the end of a tracheole. In some of the flight muscles of Drosophila the tracheoles even penetrate their T-tubules bringing oxygen right next to the mitochondria that power the muscle.
However, water vapour as well as carbon dioxide diffuses out of the animal, and this could pose a problem in dry environments. Drosophila avoids the risk by controlling the size of the opening of its spiracles to match the need of its flight muscles for oxygen. When oxygen demand is less, it partially closes its spiracles thus conserving body water.
Large, active insects like grasshoppers, forcibly ventilate their tracheae. Contraction of muscles in the abdomen compresses the internal organs and forces air out of the tracheae. As the muscles relax, the abdomen springs back to its normal volume and air is drawn in. Large air sacs attached to portions of the main tracheal tubes increase the effectiveness of this bellows like
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One of the most common reasons crabs such as the hermit crab dies in captivity is because crab owners neglect to provide them with this. The difference between marine crabs and land hermit crabs is that land hermit crabs have much smaller gills but also need air to breathe. They must be kept moist to survive but would drown if submerged completely in water. This is why it is also important when keeping them in captivity to provide a broken up piece of sponge in their water dish so that they have something to grasp onto to keep from losing their footing and falling into the water and/or drowning. If the crab’s gills become too dry, the crab will die. Another interesting fact about hermit crabs is that they carry an extra supply of water around in their shells to help keep them
In this experiment the rate of cellular respiration was measured by the amount of CO2 in ppm per gram of substance produced by a given treatment group or the control over the course of ten minutes. CO2 levels were measured using a CO2 sensor. The sensor was given time to warm up then placed in a glass chamber with a sample from one of the treatment groups or a sample of control. CO2 levels in ppm were collected every four seconds for ten minutes by the sensor. The data was divided by the weight of the sample used to generate it, to give the respiration rate per gram of sample.
Horseshoe crabs, marine arthropods known for their horseshoe like shells have been roaming the Earth long before the dinosaurs. These living fossils only inhabit the Eastern Shore and can be found on Delaware beaches such as the Delaware Bay, but these living relics may be in for extinction. Due to this exact reason Delaware has begun studying and protecting these species. Horseshoe crabs are vital to the Delaware Bay ecosystem,
Common Name: Tobacco Hornworm Scientific Name: Manduca Sexta Habitat Information: The habitat of the Tobacco hornworm rages from Southern Canada all the way to down to Argentina. They are most commonly found in the Southern states of the United States, specifically those located on the Gulf Coast. The Tobacco Hornworm lives on the plant on which its egg was first laid. Diet: The Tobacco Hornworm only feeds on solanaceous plants, which include tomato, eggplant, peppers, potatoes, and tomatillo. This group of plants also includes tobacco and petunia plants, as well as poisonous weeds such as nightshade, Jimsonweed and mandrake.
In return for protecting the crab, the sea anemone receives food. Since the sea anemone will eat just about anything in the sea, it gets to eat whatever tidbits the hermit crab leaves behind. The hermit crab does the work of capturing dinner and the sea anemone cleans up the leftovers. It’s a steady food supply for the sea anemone. Since sea anemones have little to no movement, another benefit of hitching a ride on a hermit crab’s shell is getting exposed to a much larger area to scavenge for food.
Cell Respiration Lab Research Question What is the optimal temperature for germinating pea-seeds where the rate of respiration is the greatest? Background Information Cell Respiration refers to the biochemical process conducted by the cells of an organism that combines glucose and oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP, along with two by-products, water and carbon dioxide. The equation representing this chemical reaction is shown below. C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Meaning of name: The Horseshoe crab gets its name because their arc shaped exoskeleton has been compared to what a horse shoe looks like. Description on animal: Even with crab in the name, they aren’t related to crabs and lobsters so much. They are actually related to scorpions and spiders. The female Horseshoe Crab is about 18-19 inches from tail to head, and the males are about 14-15 inches.
Just as most other crabs, their appearance consists of “claws,” however unlike most other crabs they are white and have hair on their chests and legs (Bliss). There appearances help them through their lifespan to do things that every living creature needs such as
Many organisms use energy to perform their cellular functions. That energy comes from the energy that is stored in food then converted to adenosine triphosphate or ATP. ATP can be obtained with or without oxygen, aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide (CO2) as a by-product while anaerobic respiration produces Ethanol (C2H6O) or Lactic acid (C3H6O3). In aerobic respiration the “CO2 produced during cellular respiration can combine with water to produce carbonic acid.”
The feeding rates on the native blue muscle were compared, it was found that the Asian shore crabs had significantly higher feeding rates on the larger muscle classes, implying that they have a larger per capita impact on the prey population than the green crabs did (6). Although Asian shore crabs are known to primarily rely on plant material, they prefer mussels and other crustaceans, and have been known to deplete them. Even after a decrease in prey availability they are still able to maintain high densities. Evidence supports that when depletion of the preferred food source occurs the crabs turn to cannibalism because it is the best option energetically (7). This allows them to support high densities even when the preferred food source is gone or
This was decided because in our prior experimentation it was discovered that the Isopods prefer the environment with water over the dry environment. This experiment was the epitome of taxis, in which the Isopods moved directly towards the environment with water. We then became eager to see if that was applicable to any wet environment or if the specific substance caused the preference to
A. Were the seeds in the “N” tube undergoing both photosynthesis and respiration, only photosynthesis, or only respiration? Use your results in Data Table 2 to support your answer. The seeds in test tube "N" underwent respiration. Respiration is always happening.
Cellular Respiration One of the main essentials of life that all organisms need in order to function in our world is, energy. We receive that energy from the food that we eat. Cellular respiration is the most efficient way for a cell to receive the energy stored in food. In cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway, which breaks down the molecules into smaller units, in order to produce adenosine triphosphate, also known as, ATP. ATP, is used by cells in the act of regular cellular operations, it is a “high energy” molecule.
The stomata are the most critical piece to this process, as this is where CO2 enters and can be stored, and where water and O2 exit. Cellular respiration also known as oxidative metabolism is important to convert biochemical energy from nutrients in the cells of living organisms to useful energy known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Without cellular respiration living organisms would not be able to sustain life. This process is done by cells exchanging gases within its surroundings to create adenosine triphosphate commonly known as ADT, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. This process is done through numerous reactions; an example is metabolic pathway.
Then, tests are performed to determine if the products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration are present in the flasks. The citric acid cycle consists of a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of ATP (Biology). The tests detect the presence of carbon dioxide and ethanol. Carbon dioxide should be present irrespective of the type of respiration taking place, but ethanol is present only if fermentation has occurred. Another factor that can indicate whether fermentation occurred or cellular respiration occurred is the amount of glucose utilized during incubation.
Research Question: How does the presence of light impact the rate of transpiration in plants? Aim: The aim of this experiment was to investigate how the presence of light affects the rate of transpiration in plants. Hypothesis: As light intensity increases, the rate of transpiration (water uptake) in a plant increases.