Informed Consent: A Case Study

In the case U.S. v. Guerrero (2007), voluntary consent is put to the test. The textbook writes that suspicion caused two deputies to question Mr. Guerrero and Mr. Torres travel plans. Upon questioning Mr. Guerrero and his uncle, Deputy Rhodd found their stories suspicious. The Deputy then observed Guerrero’s behavior shift from defensive to polite and cooperative. Besides his behavior, the officer noticed the car key was on a single key ring and there was paraphernalia in the gears shift of the vehicle.

Principle theme Five days at Memorial by Sheri Fink tells the story of the days after Hurricane Katrina at one hospital in New Orleans. Memorial hospital owned by Texas based Tenet corporation had 312 short term acute care (STAC) beds, and leased the seventh floor to Lifecare for a long term acute care (LTAC) hospital. Lifecare’s LTAC at Memorial cared for medically fragile patients with long term complex medical needs. The hospital and health care providers received intense scrutiny after the hurricane due to the higher numbers of dead patients in comparison to comparable New Orleans hospitals, out of the 34 patients which died at the facility, 24 were Lifecare patients.

SUMMARY Anna Fitzgerald was conceived to be the perfect donor for her sister Kate, who is suffering from leukemia, in other words, blood cancer. Her parents handpicked the embryo to have genes that would perfectly match Kate’s in order to get the stem cells that would save Kate. After that, Kate goes into remission. However the cancer comes back, and Anna is consistently needed throughout her life to supply Kate with cells and even bone marrow. Kate’s condition holds Anna back from doing many things, such as sports and living independently away from the family.

Anna was made to help her family. On page 8, Anna says her family knew exactly what they were getting because they picked out the genes. She believes that if Kate had not been

Case #1 It does not appear that Jamie had discussed inform consent as part of her ethical and legal duty to inform the client clearly about confidentiality and the exceptions. Sarah apparently did not know that the sessions were confidential until the session had already started and later you can also tell that she did not know about the exceptions to confidentiality. Although Jamie told her that the sessions were completely confidential, she failed to tell her that there were numerous exceptions and disclosing those limits, both as part of the inform consent contract ……is ethically required. (Younggren and Harris 2005 p.590)

Anna was literally born in order to help Kate live longer. They both go through procedures but the problem is that Anna gains no benefit from the surgeries. She files for medical emancipation in order to escape her parents control and the surgeries. Anna’s lawyer, Campbell Alexander, mentions a saying that his father constantly used: “When you only have a hammer, everything looks like a nail.” What this can mean is that everyone’s metaphorical toolbox is filled differently and not everyone has access to the same resources.

Informed consent is the process by which the treating health care provider discloses appropriate information to a competent patient so that the patient may make a voluntary choice to accept or refuse treatment. (Appelbaum, 2007)1 It originates from the legal and ethical right the patient has to direct what happens to her body and from the ethical duty of the physician to involve the patient in her health care. In order for the consent to be valid, the patient must be competent to take the particular decision; have received sufficient information to make a decision; and not be acting under stress.2,3 This may be an issue if consent is obtained upon the day of surgery. Most patients will have firmly decided to proceed for surgery. However,

These qualities allow for a safe, effective environment that supports communication, health, healing and quality of life for the patients and the staff. Compassion is both the root and the actualization of the desire to see others do well. Strength is the ability to see people through pain and fear to healing and health. Creativity and curiosity supports willingly meeting challenges and solving problems in new ways appropriate, perhaps only in that moment. Scrupulous integrity ensures all parties are respected and resources managed appropriately.

Informed Consent Working in a public school system, one has to adhere to different guidelines when obtaining informed consent. First and foremost, one is obtaining parental or guardian consent rather than from the individual. A student has to be eligible for special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act before a referral for a physical therapy evaluation can be considered. This document addresses more legal than ethical matters. It states that the parent or guardian gives consent to the school district to evaluate my child and in giving consent that it is voluntary and may be revoked at any time (ISPE2102- Parent Consent for Evaluation- English, 2015).

The mother expects the little sister Anna to give her oldest sister a kidney, but Anna is sick of giving things to her older sister. Anna was actually genetically engineered to be a donor for her sister Kate, but doesn’t want to do it anymore; she wants to choose what she

• Value and Ethics Ethical Drift Ethical drift is when an individual, groups or organization start acting against of ethical behavior. (Kleinman, 2006). Ethical drift may occur gradually and without premeditated consciousness. It may occur unconsciously without people realizing that they have changed their formal ethical standards, (Kleinman, 2006). I have observed ethical drift occurring in the insurance sector where a chronic patient paid some amount of money to an insurance broker's account to get life insurance for the same premium as healthy persons.

Informed consent. A.2.b. Types of information needed. A.4.a. Avoiding harm.

Consent is patients’ rights because they have right to know what is happening to their life which is fundamental value in professional practice (Department of Health (DH), 2001). Dougherty and Lister (2015) state that consent is a patient’s rights to refuse or to accept a treatment. However, Dimond (2010) said that consent is a voluntarily decision which can be given orally, verbally, written or implied for example if you ask a patient to take their blood pressure and they offer their arm. Eyal (2012) also states that consent promote trust in medical procedures that people may seek and comply with medical advice and participate in medical research. Bok (2013) argues that there are problems with the trust-promoting as many patients give consent despite being to some extent distrustful.

Anna in the film screams at her mum, “I’m important too, mum”. Even if Anna did help saves Kate life but at some point Kate herself does not want to continue with medical procedures and wants to die. Besides, death if permanent and people will have to face it no matter in some point of one’s life. Death is present from the beginning of the movie, but the Fitgerald (Sara and Brian) fights against it. They fights against nature and does not accept the

In order to prolong Kate’s life, her parents