Health Belief Model Theory Paper

Beth Howard’s article from the U.S. News and World Report talks greatly about how mental health and anxiety is becoming a big issue on university campuses. For many decades, U.S. News and World Report has been a well known news source because of it’s impressive ranking and annual reports of colleges and graduate schools. Howard outlines what certain prestigious colleges around the nation are doing to combat the issue; such as Harvard, Cornell, and Columbia, as well as many state universities. She reiterates ideas like meditation, counseling and even playing with dogs that are helping students cope with stress and anxiety. Howard also brings up many important factors that play a role in students’ anxiety levels and incorporates them together

For the “Let’s Do This” program focused on reducing and controlling childhood obesity and adult onset of type II diabetes in Point Mar, an instructional strategy – lecture, quiz, games, and brain storming will be utilized. This is based on the Social Cognitive Theory applied to health behavior, which is an evidenced based approach (DiClemente, Salazar, & Crosby, 2013). The reason for utilizing this strategy is that this approach is based on behavioral adaptations that will improve health within the community. In addition, the five key constructs of the social cognitive theory are; knowledge, perceived self-efficacy, outcome expectations, goal formation, and socio-structural factors (DiClemente, Salazar, & Crosby, 2013). Another reason is that this strategy is a multi-level intervention approach that is aimed at the individual and his immediate social environment (DiClemente, Salazar, & Crosby, 2013), which plays a huge role in the incidence of Childhood Obesity in Vista County, which “Let’s Do This” is striving

Depression is the number one mental illness on college campuses, something that many people do not know. The stress that college students are placed under can cause depression and other mental health issues, such as anxiety, eating disorders, self harm, and other clinical mental health conditions. The majority of college campuses have counseling centers for students who need them, but they are underused due to social stigmas against seeking help. A PSA consisting of a thirty second video and a poster was created, using the influential psychological principles of social proof, similarity, vividness, high controlling language, and scarcity. The goal of this PSA is to inform people about the prevalence of depression and other mental health conditions

Application of Population Health Promotion Model to Reduce the Impact of Healthy Immigrant effect amongst the Visible Minority Immigrant Women Population Living in Ontario The immigrant population makes up 20.6% of the total Canadian population and this number is predicted to increase to 25% and 28% by 2031 (Statistics Canada, 2013). As noted in the statistical report by Chui (2011), every one in five women in Canada, is born outside of Canada, and 73% of this population is from the visible minority. When these immigrants arrive Canada, their health status is higher than their Canadian born counterparts, but this declines to meet that of their Canadian counterpart within 5 - 20 years upon arrival This is called the Healthy immigrant effect

Health Belief Model The health belief model in behavioural psychology is termed as an ‘expectancy-value’ model. It means that the model assumes that an individual takes an action based on their evaluation of the most likely outcome of engaging in a new or of changing existing behaviour. The model is very popular and has proven its durability in the field of health education. It details the complex relationship between motivation, health behaviour and outcome.

The author also adopts a serious and urgent tone in order to raise awareness regarding the issue of increased stress. He corroborates his findings by identifying the various amounts of high school students needing health assessments. “District staff had recommended mental - health assessments for more than 120 middle - and high - school students for depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts” (Goyal 2). These statistics grab the reader’s attention, and reveals the amount of students affected by stress. The writer also creates a somber mood through charged words such as, “suicidal, anxiety, and depression”.

The model explains the factors that motivate individuals to engage in behaviour for a healthy living. The health belief model proposes that a person 's health-related behaviour depends on the person 's perception of four critical areas: 1. the severity of a potential illness, 2.

Health behavior theories assist in understanding health behavior problems, developing intervention based on salient determinants that affect behaviors and evaluating the effectiveness of the health interventions. The most effective persuasive interventions for behavior change usually occur when the intervention is behaviorally focused and theory driven(Consolvo, McDonald, & Landay, 2009).Therefore, persuasive technology can be made optimally effective, if they are also combined or supported by behavior change theories (Shegog, 2010). Since, the aim of this research is to design a persuasive technology in line with individual’s health goals. The use of any of these model could drive the intervention-tool to be a user-centered.

The public health model is more difficult to define than the other two models due to not everyone understands the concept of public health. The public health model is concerned with individuals’ who have problems but extends the concept of health care beyond just the normal medical treatment due to individuals problems may be linked to social issues as well (Woodside & McClam, 2015). The public health model looks at larger populations and not just individuals by actually collecting data and examining this data to determine the overall problem (Woodside & McClam, 2015). By collecting and examining this data the public health model is used to alleviate health problems that have consequences for society in general, like health insurance for

Lifestyle Choices Relevant To Health, How Health Status Is Perceived and Provision of Health Care Services Human behaviour often plays an important role to maintain health and prevention of disease. With an eye to lower the considerable mortality and morbidity linked with health related issue, health professionals have twisted to models of behaviour for guiding the

1.2.5 ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY AMONG ADOLESCENTS In both the schools and the larger society, the onset of adolescence marks a profound shift in expectations regarding students' ability to assume responsibility for their functioning. When students enter middle or junior high schools, they are no longer under the direct control of a single teacher but instead are taught by a number of teachers in different classrooms, often with different classmates. These adolescents are expected to personally manage these diverse requirements for learning in class or to seek out help when it is needed, especially from their teachers. At this middle level of schooling, a significant part of students' academic work is completed outside of class, including reading

1. Why do we have an entire class devoted to Health Behavior Theory?(2 pts) What is its value or application to the field of Health Education/Promotion/Public Health?(2 pts) How do professionals in our field use theory to help address health-related problems? (2 pts) • We have an entire class devoted to Health Behavior Theory because all of the theories teach us ways to influence better health practices whether it is on an individual level or group level.

Effects of Stress on Psychological Adjustment of Students The importance of feelings and emotions and their impact on people 's lives is a new trend that has recently been in the forefront of people 's lives as they try to deal with their environments (Salovey, 2001). Difficulties in handling or dealing with the environmental stressors/challenges associated with the transition that may lead to decreased academic performance, psychological adjustment and increased psychological distress (Friedlander et al., 2007) Stress has great impacts on human life, it not only affects individual’s physical and psychological conditions but also effect each and every aspect of his life. In the other words, “Stress has been reported to affect psychological and physical health of students” (Dwyer & Cummings, 2001).

Self-Regulatory Model (SRM) [1-4] is a cognitive-affective model that highlights the existence of the emotional component as well as the cognitive component; both of these components alter the perception of disease threat and influence each other. This model emphasizes the active role of the patient and his / her concrete action towards the change of behavior, which will allow effective interventions. According to the Self-Regulation Model, there is a simultaneity ratio between the cognitive and the emotional processing of the disease threat [4]. The Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation is a complex system that highlights the health and disease self-regulation [5].

Stress is a necessary and unavoidable concomitant of daily living- necessary because without some stress we would be listless and apathetic creatures, and unavoidable because it relates to any external event, be it pleasurable or anxiety producing. A person 's response towards stress depends on whether an event is appraised as a challenge or a threat (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). Challenging stimulus can lead to positive outcomes such as motivation and improved task performance while threatening ones or distress can result in anxiety, depression, social dysfunction and even suicidal intention. Along with the improvements during the scientific era and the rapid development of information, competitiveness among people has become increasingly intense, as a consequence, people have become busier and, therefore, stress is a natural consequence. Even though appropriate stress is a juncture for self-growth, it is also a motivation for people to progress actively.