Chemistry has been around since the beginning of mankind; from the man's first discovery of fire to present day, where we know and continuously study the smallest molecular structure of anything and everything. It is the study of monumental things like the composition of matter itself, the chemical interactions between everything, from the purest elements to the most complex mixtures, and the adhesive components for all parts of life. Chemistry, in short, is the study of everything. There are many branches of chemistry that spread from physical, to organic, to biochemistry and they all are vital to the continuous study and dedication to and for science. Throughout the school year, we have went over concepts in Chemistry and studied multiple …show more content…
One of the most important types of bonds is ionic and covalent bonds which affects the entire way the elements bond together. Ionic bonds are the bonds that form between a metal, known as a cation, and a nonmetal, an anion. Ionic bonds occur through an attraction of opposite charged ions and covalent bonds are simply the bonds between two nonmetals. The thing that sets the two bonding types apart besides what they bond is how they bond. Ionic bonds transfer their electrons to each other. For instance, Sodium, also known as Na, has 1 valence electron while Chlorine, Cl, has 7 valence electrons on its outermost ring. Na could gain 7 electrons or lose the one it has to be complete but it will lose one because it is easier for the element. Cl on the other hand needs one electron or could lose its 7, but it will instead search for one instead of losing all 7 because it is simply easier for it. Therefore, when Na and Cl bond, Na will lose its one extra electron to Cl so they both are complete. Also, when Na loses one electron, it will become Na+ while Cl becomes Cl- because it gains a negative electron. The most basic form of a covalent bond is H2O. Hydrogen only needs 2 electrons to become complete and it has only 1 alone. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons and needs 2 more in order to become complete. Here is where the difference between Ionic and Covalent comes in. In NaCl, Na transferred its extra electron to Cl. In this Covalent example, two of these Hydrogens will share its valence electrons with Oxygen, instead of giving. Therefore, each H has 2 valence electrons while the Oxygen shares the Hydrogen's electrons, giving it 8 full valence electrons. Knowing these two types of bonding helps people from scientists to scholars to know how certain elements bond to each other and more information can be concluded from
Covalent bonding - Covalent bonding is when two atoms share electrons this can only occur between two non-metals. They share electrons to fill up their outer shells, this makes the atoms stable. A Covalent bond can form up to one to three Covalent bonds with non-metals depending on how much electrons they possess. They don't always share electrons
This demonstrated our ability to both create a solution, and correctly interpret the task at hand. In the second lab, Introduction to General Chemistry, An Experimental Tour, we were asked to accurately record data,
One must look to see which element has both violet and orange spectra lines. It is shown that the element Cesium is the only element that has both violet and orange spectra lines. 2. Describe two different approaches to exciting the electrons that exist in elements. Offer a specific reason why scientists use different approaches to excite the electrons of different elements.
The electrons on the outer shell are called valence electrons and are the ones who form chemical bonds with other
Ancient scientist like Democritus and Leucippus proposed the idea of the atom(Doc.1). They were the first to start the long train of ideas and knowledge that brought us to the view of the modern atom(O.I). Since then, scientist such as John Dalton and Dmitri Mendeleyev have made huge leaps in the field of atomic science. John Dalton published the atomic theory of matter(Doc.1). Dmitri Mendeleev created the periodic table that modern scientist use daily(Doc.1).
This results in elements combining together to create a molecule, with subscripts (if necessary). Lastly, particles are referred as formula units. (ionically bonded- metal to nonmetal). Labelling them include pairing a metal element to a nonmetal. This will result in elements names combining together.
Key Idea 1 In 8th grade Physical Science, the Periodic Table is very important. We have talked about all of the elements on the table. We have learned about the atomic mass and atomic weight of each element.
The periodic table is a much more interesting concept than people give it credit for. Periodic means the repeating according to some pattern. The first periodic table is very different from the modern one. They are both very interestingly organized. The periodic table has the elements on them.
Freaky/Cool Facts Landon Smith Group #7 Chapters 3 & 4 Chapter 3 1. The carbon atom is a nonmetal substance that can bond with itself and many other chemical elements, in can form up to almost 10 million compounds. http://chemistry.about.com/od/elementfacts/a/carbonfacts.htm 2.
A covalent bond is a when 2 nonmetals combine together. A ionic bond is when a metal and nonmetal combine together to form a compound. NaCl is an ionic bond because Na (sodium) is a alkali metal, while Cl (chlorine) is a nonmetal. SCl_2 is an ionic bond because S (sulfur) is a nonmetal and Cl (chlorine) is also a nonmetal. There are 2 types of covalent bonds: Polar covalent and non polar covalent bonds.
Properties of Ionic and Covalent Substances Lab Report Introduction The purpose of this lab was to determine which of the following substances: wax, sugar, and salt, are an ionic compound and which are a covalent compound. In order to accurately digest the experiments results, research of definitions of each relating led to the following information: ionic compounds are positive and negatively charged ions that experience attraction to each other and pull together in a cluster of ionic bonds; they are the strongest compound, are separated in high temperatures, and can be separated by polar water molecules. A covalent compound forms when two or more nonmetal atoms share valence electrons; covalent compounds are also
These 10th graders have a limited science background, having only taken AP Environmental Science before entering my class. They are brilliant, though, and some of the most motivated students I have ever taught. While the College Board dictates that the AP Chemistry exam is identical for all my students, it is impossible to teach these students as I do the upperclassmen in the other class. I must find materials for use with these students that support their learning while also allowing them to gain the experience needed with the topic under study. I must create learning activities that enable them to remember these topics nearly an entire school year before the AP exam in May.
Properties of Ionic and Covalent Substances Lab Report Introduction The purpose of this lab was to determine which of the following substances: wax, sugar, and salt, are an ionic compound and which are a covalent compound. In order to accurately digest the experiments results, definitions of each relating factor were researched, leading to the following information: ionic compounds are positive and negatively charged ions that experience attraction to each other and pull together in a cluster of ionic bonds; they are the strongest compound, are separated in high temperatures, and can be separated by polar water molecules. A covalent compound is formed when two or more nonmetal atoms share valence electrons; covalent compounds are also categorized into two sections: polar covalent and nonpolar covalent. Furthermore, polar covalent compounds dissolve in water, while nonpolar covalent compounds do not.
Pair Bonding Pair bonding is an attachment bond that is a natural part of human development. This bond is like no other, containing sexual and intimate drives. Individual’s pair bond with others in order to feel a calmness and ease in life. Once pair boding occurs, individuals will feel everything will be okay in the world around them. Humans will pair bond in order to feel safe, secure, and attached to significant others.
Everyone can and should understand the basics of chemistry. It is essential to understand chemistry if one is studying other sciences – such as physics, which I’ve said a while ago, - because all of the things in this universe, may it be outside the cosmic web, involve matter and the interactions between them. It offers a lot of career jobs, those who want to become doctors, nurses, physicists and (obviously) chemists, should study chemistry. A career that involves chemistry is undoubtedly high paying, statistics will tell you. I find stoichiometry as a moderate-hard subject matter for me, the reason that I chose it is because I want to improve in chemistry.