Eastmamol/540 Week 4

The serial 2-fold dilution were done with a volumetric pipette, its pump, and 10 mL volumetric flasks. Eight different solutions were produced, half of which came from Red 40 and the other half, from Blue 1. These different concentrated solutions were placed in a 10 mL volumetric flask, each labelled with either R for Red 40

The fecal transplant added the healthy bacteria that was missing, back into the gut to help kill off the invading C. difficile infection. In week 1 the patient was feeling normal and healthy. Their gut contained all of the right bacteria they were supposed to have. L. reuteri (digestive and vitamin producing bacteria), B. fragilis (helps to produce immune cells), Prevotella (provides materials needed for growth and repair in the gut, keeping the gut lining healthy), B. animalis (prevents multiplying of infectious bacteria), and E. coli (take up extra space, preventing invasion of unhealthy bacteria). In week 3, the patient was feeling very sick, with vomiting, diarrhea and developing a fever.

The colour of each test tube was recorded and if proteins were present that was recorded for each test tube. Finally, the pH was recorded for each sample using pH

Then the flask was filled the rest of the way with distilled water to the mark. Similar steps were taken for the rock solution. The rock solution from the prior lab was filtered into a volumetric flask (100mL), then 15 M NH4¬OH (8mL) was added to the flask. After that, the flask was filled to the mark with distilled water. Both flasks were then swirled to combine the solution

Target 1: Reduce the unemployment rate by at least half the current rate. It is unemployment that leads to poverty. Target 2: Enable access to clean water and sanitization to everyone, this is a basic human right, not a luxury. Target 3: Improve the income redistribution of social grants amongst minors, single mothers and minors.

The drawback is that column chromatography is very time consuming; one way to combat this is to utilize flash chromatography, which involves a nitrogen pressure stream pushing the mobile phase through the column. The differences in polarity allow for the effective separation of the various components. The more polar compounds adhere to the polar silica or alumina stationary phase for a longer time. The less polar components elute first and then the polarity of the solvent is increased in order to elute the more polar compounds. Collecting small fractions is essential in column chromatography because they can be combined together; large fractions can lead to multiple compounds in a specific fraction.

Then, 5 mL of the halved concentrated solution was measured and added into another volumetric flask. 5 mL of deionized water was added to produce a solution that was a fourth of

Based on the data, the eluent system that represented the best separation of the three compounds, anisole, benzoic acid, and o-toluidine, was the 4:1 hexanes to ethyl acetate ratio because it showed the greatest distance between the compounds. The highest Rf values indicated that the least polar compounds, which traveled the furthest distance, were least attracted to the polar plate due to the smaller amounts of hydrogen bonding that occurred between the compound and the plate. Anisole had the highest Rf values, of 0.920 and 0.773, compared to benzoic acid and o-toluidine because it had the least hydrogen bonding ability to the silica gel, while o-toluidine and benzoic acid may have been able to form more hydrogen bonds to the polar gel. O-toluidine

1. How pure is your sample? When analysing our sample under UV light we could see if our sample was pure. We labelled the sample with 1= which was our sample, 2= the pure aspirin sample, 3= the salicylic acid.

= 10^-3 M = 1,000 mL Here C1,C2; are the first and second concentrations of solution V1 and V2 ; are the required and current volumes. The impeller turned on and DDA, and tap water left to be mixed properly with water for 2 minutes. Approximately 150 grams of quartz added into the solution.

Add another 25cm3 of Methanol and Ethyl acetate to the solutions. Stir gently for 20 minutes using a stirring rod this is to allow more of the active ingredients to mix with the solution. 16. Take two funnels and place one in two separate clean measuring beakers making sure the bottoms of the funnels don’t touch the bottom of the measuring beakers. Take two pieces of filter paper and press one onto each funnel.

The lipid-adjusted concentration of an analyte was given by C lipid adjusted = [CONC/TL] ×

7) Test tube four contains 7 mL of distilled water and 3 mL of CoCl2. The fifth had 7 mL of distilled water and 3 mL of CoCl2. 8) Test tube five contains 6 mL of distilled water and 4 mL of CoCl2. 9) Test tube six contains 5 mL of distilled water and 5 mL of CoCl2. 10) After all of the test tubes are prepared, they will be put into cuvettes.

Agar dilution factor must be allowed in the first calculation as follows: • The final volume of the medium in the plate equals 20ml • Top concentration of the antibiotic equals 64mgL • Drug total amount equals 1280 microgram is added to 1ml water • 2mls of 1280microgram per ml is required to start the dilution equals 2560micrograms in 2mls. • 1.28mls of 2000micrograms per ml ± 0.72ml of water.

Ion-paired reverse phase liquid chromatography for the detection, separation and quantification of nucleotides If you are working in the field of molecular biology, there is hardly a day that goes by without the use of nucleotides. But beyond the use of the four well known deoxynucleotides in PCR, there are several other uses of nucleotides. In the field of enzymology, nucleotides are used as substrates of various enzymes. For example, kinases and phosphatases use nucleotides as substrates while phosphotransferases transfer phosphate group from one nucleotide substrate to another. If you want to study the kinetics of such enzymes, you need to quantify either the substrate or the product.