The Dawes Act, which is also known as the General Allotment Act is how Congress distributed land to Native Americans in Oklahoma back in the late 1800s. It was passed February 8, 1887. The Dawes Act got its name from Congressman Henry Dawes. Dawes believed in civilizing powers of private property. Dawes also believed to be civilized was to wear civilized clothes, cultivate the ground, live in houses, send children to school, drink whiskey and own property. This act was brought up to force Native Americans to assimilate white Americans. It was passed during the presidency of Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. It was an act to provide for the allotment of lands in severalty to Indians on the various reservations. …show more content…
The Government believed then, that the Native Americans would not sell the land and return to their reservations.
The American Indian became an American citizen as soon as he received his allotment. the Act also declared that Indians could become citizens if they had separated from their tribes and adopted the ways of civilized life, without ending their rights to tribal or other property.
Every member of the tribes that received land allotments was rewarded with United States citizenship, along with being included in laws of the state or territory in which they lived in. Free land was obtained which established a trust fund to collect oil, minerals, timber, and grazing leases on. The head of each family was given 160 acres of land, which was one-quarter of a section. Each single person over eighteen years of age and each orphan under eighteen received one-eighth of a section. To every other single person under eighteen years of age now living or will be born prior to the date of the President directing an allotment was given one-sixteenth of a
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These groups believed that the Native Americans would not give up their traditional barbarian ways if they were not civilized. "J.D.C. Atkins, commissioner of Indian affairs, argued that the Dawes Act was the first step toward transforming, "Idleness, improvidence, ignorance, and superstition.. into industry, thrift, intelligence, and Christianity"." (Staff, 2009)
The Native Americans land holdings dropped from 138 million acres down to 48 million acres, for a loss of 90 million acres of land. (Newcomb, 2012) After the initial distribution of land, the remainder was considered surplus and was sold for as little as one dollar per acre. Many farmers could not afford to start a farm and keep it running. The Native Americans lost their land and the tribes of Oklahoma lost their sovereignty.
Gender issues became a problem for the female Native Americans. Traditionally, the females were responsible for their land. The females would do the maintaining and cultivating of crops and livestock. During the Dawes Act, when the land was given out, only the males received the land and the females were not considered important unless married. The females could not play an active role in land ownership and were forced into Westernized
After viewing “500 Nations- Attack On Cultures”, the “white man” stripped the Indians of everything that would identify them as Indians. Many traditions that Indians shared with each other were banished and forbidden to be practiced. Objects that Indians owned were taken and they were left living in poverty and depending on the “white man” to live. They were forced to change their way of life and become more like white farmers because that was “normal”. Many Indians were forced to learn new ways of life and there wasn’t any turning back.
For this essay, the question under investigation is: “To what extent did the Dawes General Allotment Act of 1887 impact Native American Tribes and their culture?” The number of tribes impacted by this act is too vast for us to investigate them all, so the focus of this research question will be on the Five Civilized Tribes to make the subject less broad. Lifestyles of the Native Americans in the Five Civilized Tribes before and after the Dawes Act will be investigated to get a better understanding of the life and cultural changes these people endured. The impacts include the splitting up of land and the redistribution of the land to individual tribe members, and the introduction of "white culture," such as farming, to the Native Americans.
The government had the power over reservations of Nations, and could divide them up amongst individual Native Americans. The Dawes Allotment Act, affected Native sovereignty because the Native Government had no say in what their land would be used for. The text stated, "Indian
Through this act the government wanted to completely eliminate what was left of the Native Americans and assimilate them into society of Whites. This act required Indians to abandon everything in connection with their tribal practice and to adopt the new life of being a farmer and landowner. ““The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887” provided for the gradual elimination of most tribal ownership of land” (Brinkley 398). This was one of the way the tribal unity was destroyed by this act. Further activities done by the government in accordance with this act also helped in declining the Native Americans.
Moreover, each of the new land owners who were ready to leave their common activities or rather practices and consequently embraced the “habits of a civilized life,” as denoted by the state would be rewarded with an American citizenship. On the other hand, the Act outlined that there would be surplus reservation land for sale to the settlers. It is evident that the intents of the Dawes Act had good intentions but however failed to meet them. For instance, the Indians received poor and infertile lands and the Americanization initiative oversaw the erosion of their way of life.
Dawes Severalty Act De Juan Evans-Taylor Humboldt State University Abstract The Dawes Act of 1887, some of the time alluded to as the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 or the General Allotment Act, was marked into law on January 8, 1887, by US President Grover Cleveland. This was approved by the president to appropriate and redistribute tribal grounds in the American West. It expressly tried to crush the social union of Indian tribes and to along these lines dispose of the rest of the remnants of Indian culture and society. Just by repudiating their own customs, it was accepted, could the Indians at any point turn out to be genuinely "American."
Before American settlers came to America, Native Americans lived here. The Great Plains were their home, and had lived here for many centuries. Some lived in communities, while others were nomads. Native Americans were divided into bands which consisted in around 500 people. They had their own government that controlled each band, but most of the people helped in making the decisions.
The Indians were forced to move west, Andrew Jackson offered the Indians the same amount of land, but that wasn’t the point. The Indians couldn’t care less on the land in the west. That land they were on was their sacred land. Overall the Native Americans were given the same amount of land that didn’t allow Jackson or the government to take
I believe we tried so hard to get the native americans to be able to adapt into our society, that's the true reason we enacted the dawes act. Not to give them their dividends of the land or to “bring them out of poverty” that was just a cover up for what I believe was some sort of an attempt of manipulation. The main reason why I believe this is a case of the United States trying to manipulate and the native americans is because during the 1850’s, The United States started spreading out and growing, many dwelling alongside the natives, thus resulting in many problems. So in an attempt to remain civil, we tried to start groups and communities, but many of the members did not believe the groups could co exist together. So then the Dawes act conveniently came along to “Help with the indian poverty” and “Give them land dividends”.
More indians tribes were destroyed during war with the whites, and since the Native Americans did not have as much technology, food, and medicine as the whites, they lost a lot of warriors. Many Native Americans would leave their tribes in search for food only to be confronted and ambushed by white soldiers. Some Native Americans chose to surrender rather than to be moved to a different location. After the Indian and American War, the General Allotment Act was passed, also known as The Dawes Act of 1887. The Dawes Act granted Native Americans land allotments.
The land was seen as a way to a greater nation because people believed God gave them the right. However, while they believed this and tried to make it happened, they had a conflict. Native American stood in their way and the only way to get what the people wanted the Natives needed to leave. This brings on the Indian Removal Act that occurred in 1830 leaded by Andrew Jackson. This can be seen in the article written by Jackson on the Removal Act on the lines, “It will place a dense and civilized population in large tracts of occupied by a few savage hunters.”
First of all, Native Americans were settled on a hotbed of natural resources which included oil and precious metals such as silver and gold. There was also much fertile land that would entice farmers and frontiersmen to move out west. On this land there was so much potential economic opportunity for farmers, cattle drivers, miners and many other occupations. The government developed the popular public misconception that the indians were misusing the land and that Americans had the right to take advantage of the opportunities that lie in the west. These ideas led to the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 which authorized encroachment of Indian lands by the US government in order to divide up reservations and control Indian activity.
The Native Americans need their land back . Money is a good way for them to solve their problems but not like having their land back . I believe land is better than money because it can change their life's in so many ways . It's a way of getting their dignity back after what happened to them causes by our people.
The Allotment Act The Dawes Act and its supporters sang a very similar tune to southerners who justified slavery as their patriarchal and christian duty. The Dawes Act allowed the President of the United States to survey the reservations Indians lived on and allot its land to heads of households, single persons over eighteen, and to orphans. This meant that the President went into reservations and redistributed the land, upsetting the system Native Americans had previously. Slave owners of the Antebellum South believed that the Black men and women needed to be enslaved, for they could not function without a patriarchal master. Westerners too saw the Native Americans as inferior, and felt that they had to help the tribal people be free of
Ownership of land was the concept of private property that one person or group owned permanent, absolute control of a part of land. This was difficult to understand for many Native Americans because they have practiced a communistic land system for a long period of time. Land was not a product, perceptible, or an inert item that could be sized and sold. The Native Americans never established a structure or civilization of personal land ownership. Their land was not possessed by people and instead belonged to the community as a whole.