Cruelty And Authentic Deterrence

The next goal of deterrence is that imprisonment is not so much a deterrent for the offender rather for others in society who are thinking of committing crimes and the fear of prison should deter them from going through with their actions (Sykes, 2007). The last goal of deterrence, imprisonment will keep offenders away from society thus they are not able to prey on the community (Sykes, 2007). The last justification for imprisonment is reform. The use of reform as a justification for imprisonment is based on the idea that prisons can eradicate the causal factors of crimes within an individual and imprisonment can be used as a mean to keep the offender long enough in order for that goal to be accomplished. Based on the entirety of the book, the ground punishment seems to be more closely aligned with the New Jersey State Prison in the 1950s.

Even if you're sentenced to death, you're probably not going to get executed. That's why it's not a deterrent,”(Horn). People don't even see the death penalty as a punishment so people aren't afraid of commiting crimes. With how dangerous prisons are with overcrowding they are just costing more money for providing the medical attention the inmates need. ” There have been any number of reports about overcrowded and dangerous prisons, and while the Commission presented its conclusions and recommendations to the Senate Judiciary Committee last week, it's not clear what - if anything - will come of that,”(Horn).

The death penalty as the book calls it, is a “socialization process” where individuals grow up learning the consequences and remain inherently good, rather than, having to weigh the pros and cons of a situation. Statistics show that there is no measurable correlation between murder and the death penalty. Statistics can always be skewed In that other factors

Of the four goals of prison, I believe that deterrence is the best current approach to correction best accomplishes. Deterrence, a principle in which punishment should prevent the criminal from reoffending. It also assumes that potential criminals would weigh the costs of punishment versus the benefits of the crime act. Of course, this creates a fear to criminals who seek no punishment. Deterrence is better than the other three method because of limitations.

Specific deterrence leans more towards punishing a criminal for his or her crimes in hopes that they will not commit another crime in the near future. General deterrence is to prevent such crimes from occurring in the first place (National Police Committee). In addition, the public openly knowing that the state can institute and practice the death penalty “serves to deter others from committing capital crimes to avoid similar punishment” (National Police

Forms of punishments within the United States’ system of criminal justice can range from a simple warning all the way up to the death penalty, depending on the nature and type of crime committed. The goal of punishment in the criminal justice system is deterrence and crime prevention, however when the punishment offers no major impact on crime, is extremely costly, exhibits racial bias, and has taken the life of innocent people, (socially and physically) the death penalty is not only viewed as punishment, but as revenge and as murder. Taking a look at the death penalty from a lawyer point of view we have Michael A. Mello, author of Dead Wrong: A Death Row Lawyer Speaks Out Against Capital Punishment. He tells his story of being a professional lawyer, who “worked within the legal system to prevent the state from executing some of its citizens.”

Deterrence philosophy reason for sentencing is defined as a philosophy that crime can be prevented through the threat of punishment. Incapacitation philosophy is defined as a philosophy that crime can be prevented by detaining wrongdoers in prison thereby separating them from the community and reducing criminal opportunities. Finally rehabilitation philosophy is defined as the philosophy that society is best served when offenders are provided the resources to get rid of criminal activity from their daily behavior patterns. Retribution just holds the severity of the crime against the guilty and is aimed at pleasing the society as whole party rather than just the victim/s. Deterrence uses other criminals as examples for the community to be discouraged from crime. There are two types of deterrence, general deterrence is punishing one person that has committed a crime,

Michael .J. Lynch testing hypothesis is whether trends in imprisonment have an effect on people committing more crime. The specific problem is seeing if the deterrence theory actually works or not. Lynch looks at “basic claims of deterrence theory, popular appeal, recent time series crime, imprisonment trends, average U.S. cross sectional changes in crime and imprisonment rate trends for the 1980’s in order to assess the claim that imprisonment deters crime” (Lynch, 1999). This theory is tested because in society it is believed that if the justice system is tough on offenders then there will be a decrease in crime rates.

Deterrence and the Death Penalty: The Views of the Experts. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 87(1), 1. doi:10.2307/1143970 This article was written by Michael L. Radelet and Ronald L. Akers. They both consulted experts on criminology and criminal behaviour to evaluate the effectiveness of the Death Penalty.

1. The central theme of Beccaria’s “On Crimes and Punishments,” is that if criminals are prosecuted and punished for committing a crime, others are deterred to commit to same crime to avoid the punishment. If continued in a pattern, crime and punishment will be connected mentally, meaning that people would assume that if a crime is committed, a punishment will soon follow. 2. Beccaria’s theory rests on three assumptions, which are that the individual possess freewill, rational manner and manipulability.

Challenging Michael Summers is H. Lee Sarokin as he says "In my view deterrence plays no part whatsoever… Statistics demonstrate that states without the death penalty have consistently lower murder rates than states with it, but frankly I think those statistics are immaterial and coincidental. Fear of the death penalty may cause a few to hesitate, but certainly not enough to keep it in force..." (H. Lee Sarokin, 2011). H. Lee Sarokin actually suggests that the statistics showing the death penalty is an effective deterrent are fundamentally irrelevant and accidental. He also brings up the point that fear of the death penalty will only cause few to worry about committing crimes but the rest will more or less commit the crimes without thinking

Retribution is mainly a punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong or illegal act. For instance, if a person did wrong, that person was punished by having the same thing done to them. In the past history, people used to revenge by taking the law into their own hands and punished criminals (Alarid,Cromwell., Del & Cromwell, 2011). Deterrence is using a punishment as a threat to deter people from offending. A historical example was the execution of Rainey Bethea in Owensboro, Kentucky in 1936 after rapping and killing a 70 year old woman (Durham, 2012).

The oxford journal said "that manipulating criminal law rules within that system to achieve heightened deterrence effects generally will be ineffective" This means that creating further punishment doesn 't work. There are still laws that say killing someone is wrong people have killed other people since the dawn of time maybe this laws in not working right. Maybe the laws have to be implemented some other way. There are still laws that say killing someone is wrong people have killed other people since the dawn of time maybe this laws in not working right. Maybe the laws have to be implemented some other way.

Since we have become more civilized our punishments just mean being incarcerated and detained by the state. Instead of punishing the body they punish the mind/soul of the criminal by taking way their freedom. When it comes to policy making we are now unable to use pain as punishment and we must

There is a worldwide trend in the use of penal imprisonment for serious offenses as capital punishment has been renounced by an increasing number of countries. Harsh punishments include capital punishment, life imprisonment and long-term incarceration. These forms of punishments are usually used against serious crimes that are seen as unethical, such as murder, assault and robbery. Many people believe that harsher punishments are more effective as they deter would-be criminals and ensure justice is served. Opposition towards harsh punishments have argued that harsher punishments does not necessarily increase effectiveness because they do not have a deterrent effect, do not decrease recidivism rates and do not provide rehabilitation.