Environmental Crime Prevention

Why is crime such a large part of our everyday society? Since the beginning of time, crime has been a large part of history, which gradually increased throughout the years, and continues today in everyday life. Crime is something that people do out of either force, impulse, fun, by accident, or their environment. Some people have been raised since childhood in areas where crime rates were at an high and maybe that caused them to follow what they learned while growing up and pursuing crimes as well. Malcolm Gladwell, author of Power of Context: Bernie Goetz and the Rise and Fall of New York City Crime, mentions how these key concepts shape the way in which crimes are performed through their involvement with their environment and communities.

The Resident Officer Program of Elgin otherwise known as (ROPE) begins in May 1991. Its motivation is to enhance the essence of life for the resident of Elgin, IL. the neighborhood in hoping to deter the crime by assisting neighborhood in making an arrest of a criminal. A pilot planned was put in place by assigning three officers in a high-crime area.

Considering the high crime in census tract 19 and the mission statement of the Boise Police Department (BPD) which is, “To Protect, Serve and Lead our Community to a Safer Tomorrow”, tapping into law enforcement resources is vital to reduce crime in the area. The Ada County sheriff office is within walking distance to the eastern and south-central parts of the tract with the BPD being a short drive from the area. The sheriff’s office is roughly a mile from tract 19’s border and is about a 20-minute walk. BPD is a little further at 2.5 miles from the tract 19 border which is about a 10-minute drive or a 50-minute walk. The BPD highlight 3 programs as effective crime prevention tools for communities.

When a person in the United States commits a crime they will be penalized for that said crime. The United States criminal justice system is the department established by the government to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate the law. The criminal justice system has allowed the government to lock away several people who have committed several crimes and who are a danger to society. With that being said, the criminal justice system also has some flaws. For instance, sometimes wrongfully convicted people get put in jail like in Adnan Syed’s case.

There are many reasons where incarceration may lead to higher crime in a community. High incarceration rates damage a community’s stability, and these high rates weaken the power of informal social control in ways that cause an increase in crime. When people are released back into the community, but are then sent back to prison, this cycle keeps going, which causes residential insecurity, which is also associated with social disorganization theory. High imprisonment rates breaks down neighborhood dynamics, which also increases crime. Families become unstable, political and economic systems become weakened, and social networks are broken down.

The phrase “Lock them up and throw away the key” is often used when referring to those who have committed a crime. This phrase means that the person that did the crime should be placed in jail for a long period of time if not the rest of their lives. The theory or idea of locking individuals up and throwing away the key being effective when dealing with social control is really not effective at all. For some no matter the sentencing given to them, when set free, they will return back to the lifestyle that sent them to jail in the first place. Studies show that the minimum sentences for certain crimes, are not likely to accomplish their goal of discouraging and preventing organized crime.

Criminal Justice has been within the United States for a very long time, in fact criminal justice has been around ever since there were criminals around. That being said, criminal justice has not always been the same and has been changing drastically. All the way back from the colonial times to present day. This research paper will cover the history that follows the criminal justice system and how exactly we 've gotten to where we are today within law enforcement. To start things off first we will look at the introduction into colonies starting from 1776 to present day.

Also, it could possibly reduce the opportunity for groups of people to cause any disturbance in the community. When a community is in a gated area, one feels like they are in a safer community and is fear of crime. Deutsch (2017), defines crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) as a crime reduction strategy that acknowledges the potential to reduce opportunities for criminal behavior through a secure layout and design of the built environment to prevent damage from the force of the elements and natural disasters (2017). The strengths of alley-gating in communities are supposed to bring communities together and not afraid to leave and return back home. CPTED seeks to build a physical atmosphere advantageous to the overall safety of the community by using defensible space and improving surveillance.

The “Broken Windows” theory is a police patrol strategy that was created by Wilson and Kelling and this strategy falls under order maintenance policing (Fritsch, Liederbach, Taylor & Caeti, 2009, pg. 22). The tittle “Broken Windows” comes from the title of an essay that Wilson and Kelling published in the Atlantic on 1982 and the meaning behind the tittle is that when there is building that has a broken window, it means that nobody cares, which will lead to more broken windows if the first broken window is not fixed right away (Kelling, 2015, pg. 57). Kelling and Wilson believed that the same problems that broken windows can produce if they are not fixed right away can also be applicable to crime, therefore the broken windows theory strategy assumes that if the police places more emphasis towards small disorderly offenses and is more proactive towards preventing it, then it will also reduce the quantity of other crimes that are more serious (Fritsch et al., 2009, pg. 22). Small disorderly offenses can be offenses such as

Origin and History of the Criminal Justice System The Criminal justice system is a system that was made to control crime and make punishments to whoever break a law or rule. The beginning of the criminal justice system of the United States goes all the way back when the United States still belonged to the Great Britain. Americans were under Great Britain laws and rules and most of the laws were unfair. After the Revolutionary War and the United States became independent and they needed to create their own types of system to run their country.

Situational crime prevention (SCP) and rational choice theory (RCT), together, provide an insightful explanation as to why people commit crimes and what can be done to deter them. Much of the work done in RCT and SCP was founded by Derek Cornish and Ronald V. Clarke, who wanted to understand the decision-making process of potential offenders and focus on the spatial and situational factors that make such crime possible (Farrell and Hodgkinson, 2015). This paper aims to explore SCP and its relationship to RCT, as well as analyze the works of Keith Hayward and Graham Farrell in their discussion of these ideas. This paper has four objectives: first, the paper will discuss SCP and RCT and explain the link between the two concepts. Second, this paper will examine Hayward 's discussion of RCT, SCP, and cultural criminology.

There are three components that make up the criminal justice system – the police, courts, and correctional facilities – they all work together in order to protect individuals and their rights as a citizen of society to live without the fear of becoming the victim of a crime. Crime, simply put is when a person violates criminal law; the criminal justice system is society’s way of implementing social control. When all three components of the criminal justice work together, it functions almost perfectly. For a person to enter the criminal justice system, the process must begin with the law enforcement.

Situational crime prevention looks more at the role of opportunity in both causing and preventing crime and believes that making choice of crime less attractive will decrease crime. This theory states that the nature of situation can affect their choices to break the law and that there

This essay will discuss crime as both a social problem and a sociological problem. Crime is seen as a typical function of society. Crime doesn’t happen without society. It is created and determined by the surrounding society. According to the CSO, the number of dangerous and negligent acts committed between the years of 2008 and 2012 rose from 238’000 in 2008 to 257’000 in 2012.

The activity of crime and too much fear of crime lowers the quality of life for the residents of Nkomazi Local Municipality, especially the elderly and those living in poorer sections or rural areas, harmed by crime such as arson, rape, murder and vandalism etc. Crime is now costing the communities of Nkomazi a huge amount of Rands every year in insurance agency payouts, police courts, correctional expenses, and the restructuring of buildings and facilities brought about by crime such as theft, robbery, arson related crime and vandalism. The prisons are flooding with offenders and backlogs plague the courts. In extreme economic times of our country, however, lest say it’s enough and time to stop spending more cash on the courts, while Furthermore,