3. Results and discussion
3.1. Coagulation performance of CB[8] for HA removal
The effect of the CB[8] dosage on HA coagulation in the absence of added salts in the synthetic water (fresh water) was investigated at pH 7.5. When the CB[8] dosage was less than 0.2 mmol/L, flocculation was not observed during coagulation. The HA removal efficiency was less than 50% (Fig. 1a). When the CB[8] dosage was higher than 0.2 mmol/L, considerable amounts of flocs formed. At a CB[8] dosage of 0.3 mmol/L, the residual turbidity was approximately 1.5 NTU after sedimentation, corresponding to 89% of HA removal. The residual HA concentration of the settled water could be controlled within 1.50 mg/L. Meanwhile, the zeta potential of the coagulated HA generally increased with increasing CB[8] dosage, indicating that the negative charges on the HA molecules was neutralized by the positive charges on the CB[8] surface. This results are consistent with existing literature data for inorganic coagulants [4,25].
The number of charges on both HA and CB[8] surfaces varied with pH [26], which might affect HA removal by coagulation. It was determined that as the solution pH decreased
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The positive charges on the CB[8] structure might be due to the protonation of nitrogen and oxygen to form =N-H+ and =O-H+ under neutral and acidic conditions (Fig. 4). Moreover, when the zeta potential of the HA solution was -33 mv, considerable amounts of flocs could be observed during coagulation (Fig. 1b). This result indicated that along with charge neutralization and electrical double-layer compression, other factors, such as adsorption-bridge building effect, might also contributed to the destabilization of the
For this lab, zeolite and magnetized zeolite were synthesized and compared with charcoal to find out with would be the most effective in the sequestering of Procion Red dye. Finding the concentration and absorbance of each zeolite, magnetized zeolite, and charcoal, along with a calibration curve, the best adsorbent is determined. Charcoal was the overall best sequestration of the Procion Red dye, since the adsorbent was highest compared to the others. Introduction Pollution has increased in the environment over the years, so the purpose of this experiment is to find the best adsorbent of chemicals to reduce the pollution.
Dr. Colleen Winters – BIO 655 Vishall G. Kaistha TITLE: “Recombination-Directed DNA Repair Promote Homologous Stimulating Transcription of Genes That That Preserves Genomic Integrity by MEN1 Is a Melanoma Tumor Suppressor”.
From the best fit equations found in Graph 2, we were able to create a graph for the concentrations of the bleach and diluted dye solutions at each given reaction time. With this graph, we are able to calculate the half-lives for the bleaching reactions. A half-life is the specific time at which the concentration of the solution is exactly half of its starting value. Our starting concentration of the allura red dye was 0.000938 M, so our half-life occurred at 3 minutes and 20 seconds. Our starting concentration of the sunset yellow was 0.0009864 M, so our half-life occurred at 5 minutes and 15 seconds.
Shifa Sayeed can you check if this is all in past tense and if it has personal pronouns? The purpose of this experiment was to observe and thoroughly analyze how different substances of dissimilar intermolecular forces acted in different scenarios of evaporation, evaporative cooling, and boiling. In the lab, the three substances tested and compared were Acetone, Acetic Acid, and Propanol.
Goals The primary goal of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound by running various tests to determine the qualitative solubility, conductivity, and pH value of the compound. Tests were also performed for the presence of specific cations and anions in the compound. The second goal was to discover the reactivity of the unknown compound by reacting it with different types of substances. The third goal of this project was to calculate the quantitative solubility of the unknown compound in water.
Unknown Lab Report Unknown # 25 By: Jenna Riordan March 19, 2018 Bio 2843 1. Introduction Microbiology is the study of microorganisms found in all different environments throughout Earth, from the hot thermal vents at the bottom of the ocean to the ice at the top of a mountain.
For the first sample from the sink there was high turbidity so that means there are dissolved or suspended particles like clay or algae in the water. This sample also had high conductivity so there was a high number of ions in the water. This can be caused by too many electrolytes dissolving in the water source. The sink water also had a low chlorine level. This can be caused by the chlorine reacting with other metals, organic and inorganic materials, or other compounds in the water before it is disinfected.
The investigation was carried out to identify the presence or absence of biological molecules in serum 2216. If the concentration in each test tube of the dilutions carried out will be more concentrated then the concentration of the test tube before it, then the color will be at an equal concentration with the other dilutions performed. The hypothesis was wrong because of the difference in concentrations due to the different measurements within the dilutions done. The test for starch was to add a drop of iodine solution to the pipette in the spotting tile. A reducing sugar solutions is add inside a test tube with 3 drops to then add 3 drops of benedicts and plane in a water bath.
Tn 4351 was originally isolated from bacteroides fragilis [30] . The transposon was successfully introduced into Cytophaga succinicans, Flavobacterium meningosepticum, Flexibacter canadiansis, Flexibacter strain SFI and Sporocytophaga myxococcoides by conjugation [25]. Tn 4351carries two antibiotic resistance gene. One of the codes for resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin which is expressed in bactroides but not in E.Coli. The other gene codes for resistance in tetracycline and is expressed in aerobically grpwn E. coli, but not in anaerobically grpwn E. coli or in bacteroides.
Elijah Brycth B. Jarlos IX-Argon 1. Multicellularity is a condition of an organism to have multicellular cells. An example of a organism who has multicellular cells are plants, animals, and humans. The main reason of why scientists have a hard time finding a good set of existing organisms to compare. Is neither the first set of organisms which is being compared is dying as fast as the second specimen is being examined or they just can’t find the right species.
Leah Romero 10/30/2017 Conclusion Lab 3 Chem 102L In lab 3, fundamentals of chromatography, the purpose was to examine how components of mixtures can be separated by taking advantage of different in physical properties. A huge process in this lab was paper chromatography, which was used to isolate food dyes that are found in different drink mixes. The different chromatograms of FD&C dyes were compared to identify which dyes are present in each of the mixes.
pH was adjusted by 0.01 M HCl and 0.01 M NaOH solution. The other factor like volume of supernatant, concentration of AgNO3 (0.001 M) and temperature were constant at optimum conditions. The effect of time was analyzed by UV–visible
Experiment #7: Column Chromatography of Food Dye Arianne Jan D. Tuozo Mr. Carlos Edward B. Santos October 12, 2015 Abstract Column chromatography is the separation of mixture’s components through a column. Before proceeding with the column chromatography itself, a proper solvent system must be chosen among the different solvents. The green colored food dye is the mixture whose components are separated.
Introduction The term chromatography actually means colour writing, and signifies a technique by which the substance to be examined is placed in a vertical glass tube containing an adsorbent, the different segments of the substance traveling through the adsorbent at distinctive rates of velocity, according to their degree of attraction to it, and producing bands of colour at different levels of the adsorption column. The substances least absorbed emerge earliest; those more strongly absorbed emerge later. (Wixom et al., 2011) In chromatography of all types, there is a mobile phase and a stationary phase.
Biochemical tests are the tests used for the identification of bacterial species based on the differences in the biochemical activities of different bacteria. Bacterial physiology differs from one species to the other. These differences in carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, fat metabolism, production of certain enzymes and ability to utilize a particular compound help them to be identified by the biochemical tests. Gram’s stain was originally devised by histologist Hans Christian Gram in 1884. Gram-positive bacteria stain purple, while Gram-negative bacteria stain pink when subjected to Gram staining.