The Bystander Effect Theory

Taking the example of Reserve Police Battalion 101 as example, even those who refused to commit murder were still crucial enablers of the holocaust. Without them provided their indifference the game could not have continued. Not only did the bystanders allow for the game to continue smoothly they actually add to its efficiency, waller tells us as humans we look for social cues in one another to distinguish what is appropriate. This phenomenon is the root of the bystander effect. Bystanders provide these social cues and attribute to the concept of the path of least resistance mentioned by Johnson.

In “Thirty-Eight Who Saw Murder Didn’t Call the Police”, Martin Gansberg writes about the reaction of thirty-eight citizens who witnessed the murder of Kitty Genovese. The neighbors had similar reactions saying they didn’t want to be involved, or just didn’t care enough. Although his thesis wasn’t direct, his argument showed that people need to take action when witnessing violent crimes and how their actions affect someone’s life. One phone call could’ve changed the way that night turned out.

Several neighbors witnessed or heard the extended attack that killed Kitty Genovese in 1964 in Queens, New York, but few intervened to save her life. Kitty Genovese, a 28- year-old woman, was killed in New York City early on March 13, 1964. 38 witnesses reportedly stood by and did nothing as she died. Her passing gave rise to the bystander effect, one of the most talked-about psychological ideas ever. It claims that when a crime is witnessed by a crowd, there is a diffusion of responsibility.

The bystander effect is when people feel “not responsible” for something happening. This case is actually a main example of the bystander effect in action. They feel as if they are just minding their own business. Some feel like it would be unsafe to intervene and could hurt themself or get killed.

The purpose of the news article "38 Who Saw Murder Didn't Call the Police" by Martin Gansberg is to inform the reader of a murder that occurred in England because of the inaction taken by bystanders. This article also Informs about a now well-known phycological effect called the "Bystander Effect". First, the author uses the diction "39 RESPECTABLE, law-abiding citizens..." To emphasize that this event was not committed by people who were malicious as their actions may indicate. The author chose his words to give a grabbing sense of this can happen anywhere even to the reader.

Bystander behaviour can generally be described as the actions people take when they witness an emergency situation in a public place. There have been many studies on bystander behaviour, this essay will explore two approaches to explain this behaviour. It will look at the experimental method performed by Latané and Darley and at the discourse analysis done by Levine. First the essay will describe and outline the methods.after that it will examine the similarities as well as the contrast between those techniques. Latané and Darley did their research on bystander behaviour in the aftermath of the murder case of Catherine `Kitty´ Genovese,which happened in the Suburbs of New York in 1964.

To the healthy human mind, the devilish act of committing any form of terrorism seems unimaginable. However, to Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, these ideas were nothing short of everyday thoughts. Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold had an uneasy past, both having experienced run-ins with law enforcement, occasional bullying in school, and frequent lack of parental assistance at home. Ultimately, these three key factors resulted in built up rage, violent outbursts, and eventual threatening outcomes. In Gilligan’s Violence: Reflections On A National Epidemic, these factors are recommended to be “discharged periodically or they will build up to the point where they explode spontaneously and uncontrollably” (Gilligan 211).

One in four people in the world will be affected by mental or neurological disorder at some point in their lives. 450 million people are currently suffering from a mental disorder according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The nature vs. nurture debate within psychology is worried with the extent of particular behavior, whether or not it is caused by the way you were raised, or if it was inherited through disease. In Cold Blood, they take us on a journey of how Dick and Perry made November 15th, 1959 the Clutters last day on earth. Dick and Perry are both troubled men.

Geoffrey Canada does an excellent job of bringing his readers to the streets of the South Bronx and making them understand the culture and code of growing up in a poor, New York City neighborhood in the ‘50s and ‘60s. In his book, Fist, Stick, Knife, Gun, Canada details, through his own childhood experiences, the progression of violence in poverty plagued neighborhoods across America over the last 50 years. From learning to be “brave” by being forced to fight his best friend on a sidewalk at six-years-old, to staring down an enraged, knife wielding, “outsider” with nothing to defend himself but nerve, Canada explains the nightmare of fear that tens of thousands of children live through every day growing up in poor neighborhoods. The book

This phenomenon is seen by and has probably happened to everyone. Even though the bystander effect being a phenomenon, there will always be a group of people that will help their fellow citizens out of danger. This is what Margaret Mead, a cultural anthropologist, meant by saying, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it 's the only thing that ever has.” This would inspire citizens by reminding them that if everyone comes together they can do a lot for themselves and for the world and it has happened before in history. This would let a community know, if they work together, they can lift themselves out of a situation or better themselves and then cause a chain reaction of good or cooperation and

Erikson and Maslow's theories are comparable in that they both focus on social and personality improvement. They likewise both estimate that a person encounters distinctive stages or levels of improvement for the throughout their life (Boles, Danner, Briggs, & Johnson, 2011, p. 110).Although these sound like similar ideas, I have observed they do have their differences.

The bystander effect states that during an occurrence or a crisis, the more observers there are, the less

Whereas in a crowd, there are many people who have the potential to help but don’t because, they believe someone else in the crowd will (Feist and Rosenberg, 2015). There is also the fact that people are getting misinterpretations based on the acts of others. If no one is doing anything, then there maybe is no emergency. This is an example of informative social influence (Feist and Rosenberg, 2015). Another factor of the bystander effect can be the cost-benefit analysis.

In the article Thirty-Eight Who Saw Murder Didn 't Call Police, author Martin Gansberg recalls the events that occurred on the night of March 13, 1964. "38 respectful, law abiding citizens" (120) stood idle as Kitty Genovese was hunted down on three separate occasions and murdered. Not once was an attempt made to alert authorities, an action that may have resulted in Kitty 's life being spared. When questioned, the spectators had a multitude of excuses for why they had not notified authorities, some of which included, "I didn 't want to get involved," (122) and even, "I was tired" (123). This article demonstrates the violence of this time period and the unwillingness of humans to assist those in need.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Countless psychologists have theorized about human behavior, but few theories have had the impact that Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs has had. Maslow was looking to explain the motivation behind people’s actions. He developed his theory to represent the needs people need to meet to be comfortable in their living situations. Based on Maslow’s theory, phycologists can determine why people partake in the actions they do. For example, people who do not feel belonging and love as children are more likely to join gangs or other organizations to gain a sense of belonging.