Describe Topic: R v. Oakes is the most important charter case in Canada. The main reason for it being so important is that it led to the creation of the Oakes test, but also for it being a case concerned with section 11 of the charter and the fact that David Oakes was told to prove himself innocent. The main legal conflict in the case is whether section 1 justifies the fact that he has to prove himself innocent, based on the laws applied in the case. Main Issue to be researched further: Was the “reverse onus” applied on David Oakes lawful under Canadian Law? Legal Issues: 1. Is section 8 of the NCA unconstitutional? 2. Is it lawful that David Oakes has to prove himself innocent? Brief Summary: R. v. Oakes [1986] 1 S.C.R. 103, was a case ruled by the Supreme Court of Canada in February 2, 1986. David Oakes was …show more content…
The first is whether section 8 of the NCA was unconstitutional? The second issue is whether it was lawful that David Oakes had to prove himself innocent? David Oakes stated that section 8 of the Narcotic Control Act provided for a shift in onus on him as he had to prove that he was not in possession for the purpose of trafficking, he claimed that the reverse onus created by the presumption of possession for purposes of trafficking violated the presumption of innocence guarantee under s.11(d) of the Charter and the fact that it infringed his right to be presumed innocent. The crown’s argument was that section 8 of the NCA is valid based on section 1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, as it serves the greater good against narcotics. The Supreme Court of Canada struck down section 8 of the NCA as it was inconsistent with section 11(d) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as it violated the presumption of innocence and David Oakes was acquitted of the charges laid against him. In its ruling, the Supreme Court of Canada created the Oakes test to determine how to assess whether
(Bryan-Vs-McPherson, 2009) In the lawsuit, Bryan claimed his Fourth Amendment violated, assault, and battery, and intentional infliction of emotional distress, a violation of California Civil Code 52.1, as well as failure to train and related causes of action. (Bryan-Vs-McPherson, 2009) Officer McPherson filed an appeal, but the judge denied his motion for summary judgment based on qualified immunity. (Bryan-Vs-McPherson, 2009)
The Canadian case I selected in which a wrongful conviction occurred was of Robert Baltovich. In 1992 Baltovich was wrongfully convicted of the murder of his girlfriend Elizabeth Bain and he was sentenced to life in prison with no eligibility for parole for the next 17 years (Innocence Canada, 2016). This case took place in Scarborough, Ontario and Baltovich spent eight years behind bars for a crime he did not do. Baltovich got a retrial and he was finally released on April 22, 2008. Bain’s murder still remains a mystery, her car was found with a bloodstain on the back seat but her body was never discovered.
To measure if justice was achieved, the case must be reviewed with the three main characteristics of justice, Was it fair? Was it equal? Did both parties have equal access? with further analysis of the back story, charges and both parties cases considered with the characteristics of Justice an educated decision can be made whether the case R v Loveridge [2013] NSWSC 1638, achieved Justice Kieran Loveridge was convicted by the courts for an unprovoked attack on 18- year old Thomas Kelly at Kings Cross and assaults on Rhyse Saliba, Aden Gazi, Marco Compagnoni and Matthew Serrao. Kieran Loveridge was also found as intoxicated through the process of the assaults although there is no legitimate proof on how much Kieran Loveridge consumed, but
James Keegstra was a high school teacher in Alberta, who lost his teaching license in 1984. Keegstra taught his students that the Holocaust was made up by the Jews to receive sympathy from society. Therefore, Keegstra was accused of being discriminatory towards the Jewish community. Section 319(2) of the criminal code prohibits hate propaganda, not including in private conversations. Subsection 2(b) of the Charter protects hate propaganda because it is a form of expression.
The Court wanted to end the prosecution so no further trails would occur for Sophonow. During year 2000 Police Chief Jack Ewatski concede that the investigation was “botched” (InjusticeBusters, 2003) Peter Cory a former judge of the Supreme Court of Canada described the Sophonow case as “tunnel vision.” (InjusticeBusters, 2003) Cory mentioned how it was tunnel vision because of how the authorities conducted a case on a man who they have became conved was the murder.
According to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, “Any person charged with an offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law in a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal” (Legislative Services Branch, 2017, para. 11). In the significant Canadian case R. v. Kokopenace, an Aboriginal man was tried by an unfair jury as the community where the trial took place was 25 percent First Nations, however, the jury only included 4 percent of First Nations people (Pinder, 2015). This report will summarize the major facts of the case, court’s decisions, and dissenting opinions of the judges. Clifford Kokopenace was an Aboriginal man who lived on the Grassy Narrows First Nations reserve
In 2003, the Supreme Court of Canada agreed with the Plaintiff and deemed that the revised s.51(e) was unconstitutional because it did in fact violate the Charter.
The case of R. v. Schoenborn is a troubling case involving the death of three children and the defence of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder. This defence must be critically analyzed along with the evidence and expert opinions as it could absolve the accused of the charges. As well, the precedent that the verdict provides is critical to the legal system and its future implication and thus give the decision more importance. After a thorough examination of the facts, it is evident that the verdict of the Supreme Court of British Columbia is correct and reflects the administration’s objectives and beliefs. This will be demonstrated through the application of legal principles and elements.
As with any criminal case, there are always a number of issues pertaining the stages of the crime and also the media and the general public’s opinion of the case. Many of the issues and explicit actions of certain individuals that had happened during the Corryn Rayney case had affected the interpretation of the case in someway for both government workers and the general public. By analysing the issues of the case, it allows a much more detailed view on the case and how most of the issues are linked in one way or another. One of the issues regarding this case was where a police officer had been found attempting to pressure forensic pathologists to alter their case reports to align with their best interests.
Before 1948 Julius A. Wolf had been arrested and tried for reasons not stated in the Supreme Court case, but the evidence that was used against Wolf was taken unlawfully, the police had no warrant for his arrest as well as no warrant to search his office. Wolf was able to get an appeal to be tried one more time. In 1948 the trial Wolf v Colorado Supreme Court had begun. It was a very controversial topic because the case was based on the violation of the Fourth Amendment right of protection from search and seizures.
In the case McCann v. The Ottawa Sun, 1993 CanLII 5507 (ON SC), the General Division of the Ontario Court was correct when stating the published words by The Ottawa Sun were insufficient to carry the Mayor of Pembroke’s action of defamation. At the same time, the columnist’s comments can be considered a humorous remark, which is a prove individuals in Canada have freedom of speech, which is the ability to communicate ideas without the interference of the state. To establish a cause of action for defamation, the plaintiff must prove: the statement published was defamatory, meaning the words bring the person’s reputation into hatred, contempt or ridicule; the words, in fact, referred to the plaintiff and finally, the words have been published, meaning somebody – other than the plaintiff – had access to the statement. In 1993, the Mayor of Pembroke, Terance McCann, claimed damages for libel against The Ottawa Sun
Issue 6- Does the Act violate the Procedural Due Process? Conclusion 1.
Section 33 of the Canadian Constitution’s Charter of Right, also known as the “Notwithstanding Clause” has many different pros and cons for Canadians and has been a hot topic for a long time among Canadians. Such a clause within the highest law of our land was bound to stir up controversy in Canada, and there are many people who are both for and against the clause for a variety of different reasons. There were several mitigating factors surrounding the clause as well as players behind it and several effects it had on Canadian people. There are also factors needed to implement such a clause, and there are several effects such a clause have on the government who attempts to use it. The cause was part of what was known as “The Kitchen Accord”
Participation Portfolio 1 Asst 3: Henrietta Lacks Discussion Questions Please answers each of the following questions, and be prepared to discuss in class 1. Please outline the history of Henrietta Lacks 's tissue cells. Who did what with the cells, when, where and for what purpose? Who benefited, scientifically, medically, and monetarily?
V. Nette was a case that took place on August 21, 1995, in which, Clara Loski a 95-year-old widow who lived alone in her house in Kelowna BC was found dead in her bedroom while her home was robbed. After investigations conducted by RCMP arrest was made for Daniel Nette, he had made a statement to police saying that he was involved in the robbery and the death of Loski. Neete was charged with first-degree murder as his statement was used under the Miranda warning “anything that you say will and can be held against you”Similarly, there may be evidence that comes up that had been collected in the same many for our