According to Anne Davidson and Betty Diamond, autoimmune diseases are diseases in which your immune system, the system in your body which protects yourself from illnesses, attacks other healthy cells in your body (Davidson and Diamond, 2001). The list of autoimmune diseases includes, but isn’t limited to, Addison’s disease, narcolepsy, and psoriasis; each disease affects the immune system in different ways. Diabetes, also known as Diabetes Mellitus, is an autoimmune disease in which the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin to move glucose from food that is consumed into the cells (Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes, 2005). Diabetes is divided into two types, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes, known as Juvenile diabetes, affects …show more content…
The circulatory system is affected because if the levels of glucose exceed normal amount, the blood vessels could be damaged. If the damage done to the blood vessels goes untreated, several blood vessels can explode which would have negative effects on the body because blood isn’t being properly or efficiently transported throughout the body. The endocrine system is highly affected by diabetes because it is in this system that the pancreas is meant to regulate glucose levels. Because the level of glucose is too high without insulin being produced in the body to counteract the levels, the natural bodily processes are interrupted causing the affected individual to be aware of their glucose levels themselves with at-home tests. (Daneman, 2006). The brain is one of the most important organs in the body; however, it is also as susceptible as other organs to experience the effects of diabetes. According to Biessels (2009), the brain needs oxygen and glucose to function properly and because of the imbalance and fluctuations in these levels, it is common for those with diabetes to experience cognitive impairments (Bissels, …show more content…
These tests measure A1C levels, A1C is a component of hemoglobin and which glucose is bound to. The cut off point for A1C levels that indicate the presence of diabetes is 6.5 or higher (International Expert Committee report, 2009). By checking one’s blood level, people can quickly be aware of any sudden fluctuations in their glucose levels. Monitoring blood levels is less crucial for those diagnosed with Type 1 but it can provide indications of whether an individual is developing into Type 2 and it can also offer data if the person is experiencing another disease simultaneously that would affect glucose levels (International Expert Committee report,
Type one Diabetes develops when the cells that create insulin, the pancreatic beta cells, are destroyed by the body’s immune system. 40,000 people are
Constant hyperglycaemia and poor foot hygiene, lack of lifestyle modification, poor blood glucose monitoring, and lack of exercises may lead to uncontrolled diabetes. The diabetic neuropathy leads the patient’s feet to get injury and ulcer formation. The BMI indicates that the person’s weight the degrees
Diabetes can be divided in two types. Type 1 diabetes is known as insulin-dependent diabetes. It happens when your immune system destroys beta cells which are needed to produce insulin. And type 2 diabetes, similar to type one, except immune system doesn’t destroy the cells that generate insulin. Type 1 diabetes has no cure but it can be regulated with proper
When someone has lupus something goes wrong with their immune system, which is the part of the body that fights off viruses, bacteria, and germs. Normally our immune system would produces proteins called antibodies that protect the body from these invaders. When someone has an autoimmune disease it means their immune system cannot tell the difference between these foreign invaders and their body’s healthy tissues. This creates autoantibodies that attack and destroy healthy tissue. These autoantibodies
There are many diseases out in the world; one of the least talked about is lupus. Lupus is an autoimmune disease with about 1.5 million people in America living with it. Though no one truly knows the cause for it, it is chronic. This affects the inside of your body including your organs, heart, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels, brain and joints. Your skin can also be damaged as well.
The immense amount of work I do daily just to function is invisible to most. No one sees the struggle but diabetes Is relentless and demands me to be attentive to it every hour of every day. Diabetes is certainly debilitating, demanding, and draining; however, I have still found positives in my disease. Type 1 Diabetes has given me tremendous strength, motivation to live healthy, a better perspective on life, and purpose to my future. After living 10 years with diabetes, I have learned plenty about how my body does (and unfortunately doesn’t) work and how to keep myself as healthy as possible.
Goals for Type II Diabetes The HgbA1C optimal values for most patients with type 2 diabetes is seven percent or lower, which parallels to an average blood sugar of one hundred and fifty milligrams per deciliter. Until the patient A1C level is at seven or below, he should have his lab checked every three months until the correct adjustments have been made in his medication (American Diabetes Association, n. d.). With these results, the nurse practitioner can better adjust the treatment regimen of the patient. This test can also give the nurse practitioner a better idea of the likelihood that the patient can develop many other complications such as kidney failure, blurred vision associated with retinopathy, or many different types of neuropathies just to name a few (Grossman & Porth, 2013).
Lupus is a chronic, autoimmune disease that can damage any part of the body (skin, joints, and/or organs inside the body). When you have lupus, the body attacks the healthy tissues that’s supposed to fights off viruses, bacteria, and germs. Normally our immune system produces proteins called antibodies that protects the body from these invaders. Autoimmune means your immune system cannot tell the difference between these foreign invaders and your body’s healthy tissues and creates autoantibodies that attack and destroy healthy tissue. These autoantibodies cause inflammation, pain, and damage in various parts of the body.
The immune system is the most important system in the human body because it protects the body from strange objects, such as viruses, bacterium, and germs. Unfortunately, sometimes the immune system becomes overactive and attacks different areas of the body, such as the lungs, joints, heart, blood, skin, kidney, or brain, which are a healthy area in the body. This overactive of the immune system can lead to many diseases, known as autoimmune diseases. These autoimmune include many diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, rheumatic fever, lupus, Addison’s and celiac disease. Lupus is one of the most common autoimmune diseases.
It has been proposed that sugary-beverages can weaken the learning abilities and memory
Chronic hyperglycemia induces tissue damage in particular cell types such as mesangial cells in renal glomerulus which contributes to renal pathology in diabetes. High glucose plays a central role in the development and progression of diabetic renal complications via various mechanisms such as increased production of advanced glycation end products, activation of protein kinase C, stimulation of the polyol pathway and enhanced reactive oxygen species generation (Al-Gayyar et al., 2011; Ali et al., 2011; Ali et al., 2008; Elsherbiny et al., 2013; Yamagishi & Imaizumi,
All around the nation, people are fighting off diseases and bacteria without even realizing it. The immune system is our body’s natural defense system, but what happens when it fails to recognize what is safe for our body and what isn 't? Autoimmune diseases affect about 8% of the population, making it the the third most common disease category in the United States after heart disease and cancer (cdc.gov). According to “The Immune System” by Edward Edelson and Healthline.com, these diseases do not appear without reason. There are reasons ranging from heredity to a form of drug or bacteria that confuses the antibodies within that fight the bad bacteria and viruses to keep us healthy.
Some of the things that cause parts of the body to become inflamed include bacteria, viruses, parasites, and cancerous cells. An example of an autoimmune disorder causing inflammation is rheumatoid arthritis. Because inflammation is typically painful, medication is often taken to reduce the symptoms. While prescription
The adrenals are known for making the hormone adrenaline but also, they make the corticosteroids which affect your metabolism and sexual function. The pancreas is part of the the digestive system and the endocrine system. It makes the hormones insulin and glucagon. These help ensure you have the right amount of sugar in your bloodstream and your cells. If you don 't make any insulin, which is the case for people with type one diabetes, your blood sugar levels can get dangerously high and if the body makes some insulin but not enough, that is type two diabetes.
The lack of carrier protein results in blockage of glucose. Physically, insufficient of glucose will lead to a level of low blood sugar, which is known as hypoglycemia. According to Taylor and Rachman (1987), the low blood sugar will result in a poor cognitive function.