Apple Juice Enzyme Lab Report

Catalase Activity on Substrate Based On Gas Pressure Production Rate Name of the Class Author’s Name Date Enzymes are organic compounds which act as catalysts and speed up biological reactions in biological organisms. They are not destroyed or changed during the reaction but rather they are used over and over again to catalyze many more reactions. Their activity may be affected and altered by factors such as temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration and Ph.

observations ½ tab 17.9 55.30 1 ½ tab divided in 2 pc. 19.5 49.37 The pieces of alka-seltzer were drawn to each other in the cup ½ tab divided n 3 pc. 20.8 37.24 The pieces of alka-seltzer were drawn to each other in the cup ½ tab 19.4 52.01

Introduction: Enzymes are needed for survival in any living system and they control cellular reactions. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the energy needed for molecules to begin reacting with each other. They do this by forming an enzyme-substrate complex that reduces energy that is required for a specific reaction to occur. Enzymes determine their functions by their shape and structure. Enzymes are made of amino acids, it 's made of anywhere from a hundred to a million amino acids, each they are bonded to other chemical bonds.

The products are released from the enzyme surface to regenerate the enzyme for another reaction cycle. The active site has a unique geometric shape that is complementary to the shape of a substrate molecule, similar to the fit of puzzle pieces.

There are few vegetables and fruits that turns to the color brown if their surface is exposed to oxygen. Once the veggies or fruits been exposed to oxygen, then the browning begins to appear, and electrons and hydrogen will be removed. This happens because of an enzyme called catechol oxidase. The enzyme will act on its substrate catechol to form a yellow compound which then reacts with the oxygen in the air and change into benzoquinone. The more concentration of the enzyme, the more browning appears.

All enzymes are under the class of protein biomolecule. Amino acids are the basic units that are combined to make up an enzyme. The biomolecule that stores information is a Nucleic Acid. The specific 3-D region within an enzyme is called the active site. The chemical

Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced 2. Independent Variable temperature 3. Controlled Variables pH, amount of substrate (sucrose) present, sucrase + sucrose incubation time Effect of Substrate Concentration on Enzyme Activity 1. Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced 2.

Enzymes are reliant on their structure to perform their tasks, so when the structure of the enzyme is changed it can no longer perform its task. When the enzyme can no longer perform its function due to a change in structure, the enzyme has been denatured(Meyertholen, Edward). To test whether processing foods effects enzyme activity, bromeliads and jello

LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Enzyme Activity Name: Natalie Banc Instructor: Elizabeth Kraske Date: 09.22.2016 Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 6 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 50 °C (122 °F) 3. Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity 1. Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced 2.

Controlled Concentration of amylase Amount of amylase/starch Ph of the amylase/starch The concentration of the Amylase was kept at 1% at at times throughout the experiment. 5cm3 of both will be used in each reaction. pH of the Amylase/starch will be kept the same.

First gather materials. Step 2. Add one cube of the gelatin and one cube of fresh pineapple in one of the bowls. Repeat in the 3 other bowls except switch out the fresh pineapple with canned pineapple, meat tenderizer, and gelatin with no pineapple (1/2-1 teaspoon each). Step 3.

A 50 mL buret was obtained and was washed with NaOH solution. After filling the buret with NaOH (titrant) and preparing the KHP (analyte) in the Erlenmeyer flask, the solutions were titrated. The volume used from the NaOH solution was recorded. C. Determination of the Acidity of Soft Drinks First, the soft drinks were heated.

Along with being found in plants, they are also present in liver cells, kidney cells, leukocytes and erythrocytes. For the concentration of enzyme experiment, the hypothesis was if the concentration of an enzyme increases, then the enzyme activity will increase as well. The hypothesis was proven to be true, because there are more enzymes to react with substrates. For the enzyme—factors affecting, the hypothesis concluded was if the temperature increases, than the enzyme activity will increase. This however was proven wrong, because enzymes become unstable at higher temperatures.

For this lab, we did an experiment on the effects that variables had on enzyme action. Enzymes are catalysts that drive reaction rates forward. (“Enzymes.”  Chemistry LibreTexts, 21 July 2016, chem.libretexts.org/Core/Biological_Chemistry/Catalysts/Enzymes.) The purpose of this lab was to use the enzyme catalase to look at the effects of enzyme concentration, pH, and temperature on its activity.

As the reaction proceeds and substrate is consumed, the rate is also gradually slowed down .To measure the initial rate, enzyme compositions are traditionally carried out while the reaction has produced only a few percentile of the reactive material towards complete products formation. The period of the initial step depends on conditions of the reaction and can vary from milliseconds to hour duration. However, equipment for rapidly aqueous liquids allows fast kinetic measurements on initial rates of less than one second Single Substrate Mechanism Enzymes with single-substrate mechanisms include isomerases such as triosephosphateisomerase or bisphosphoglycerate mutase intramolecular lyases such as adenylate cyclase .Catalase is an example of the as the enzyme reacts with a first molecule of hydrogen peroxide Although a single substrate is involved existence of a modified enzyme intermediate means that the mechanism of catalase .