CHAPTER ANALYSIS:
CHAPTER1: RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND ITS AFTERMATHS
In 1945, Animal Farm was published which was based on Stalin’s hypocrisy in the context of Russian Revolution. Russian Revolution of 1905 was an outburst against monarchy of the USSR and their leaders. The revolution began in ST. Petersburg capital of Russia, and was rapidly spread across the empire and included most classes and groups of people. It was a massive demand for political reform and it forced Russian emperor Nicholas 2 to concede to major changes in the autocratic regions of government.
By the beginning of 1905, dissatisfaction with the imperial government was widespread, middle and upper-class Russians called for a political reform towards a constitutional system,
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It forced major changes in the political system with the creation of the Duma, which was elected by all classes and had the right to approve all laws and the basic improvements in the lives of industrial workers were fulfilled. During 1800’s Russia found itself amid World War 1 and in the February revolution of 1917 Czar Nicholas 2 took over as a leader of Russia ending the nation’s imperial which was led by Lenin, after Napoleon’s defeat. On October 24th 1917 Lenin and his collaborators launched the full scale coup against provisional government and established a new government based on communism, Marxism, atheism and gender equality. Lenin’s rise to power didn’t ensure further success except increased agricultural production. In response to public dissent Trotsky launched the Red army. Thousands of people were slaughtered in cruel ways, of being suspected anti-communists and this conflict turned into Russian civil war. Lenin died in 1924 and left two power hungry leaders Joseph Stalin and Trotsky and in Lenin’s absence Stalin defeated Trotsky with the help of internal alliances and consequently assassinated him bringing the economy completely under the control of government and for the next quarter of a century, Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union. In order to stop the citizens from rebelling, Stalin used the tactics of terror and deception and executed everyone and anyone who was against him. In 1930’s Stalin gave Soviet support to Spain in the Spanish civil war in which the country was fighting against Japanese fascism in which Orwell himself fought. In 1939 Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact with Germany and continued to trade with Hitler’s
This which was a collection of campaigns designed to get rid of the Communist Party, the military and other parts of the Soviet Union that he thought were a threat (“Joseph Stalin.”). During the Great Purge thousands of people were killed or sent to slave labour camps (Joseph Stalin (1879 – 1953.”)). Before World War 2, the, Soviet Union and Nazi Germany signed a non-aggression pact (“Joseph Stalin.”). Hitler broke this agreement and invaded the Soviet Union in 1941. Although Stalin ignored warnings from various sources about the potential invasion (“Joseph Stalin.”), by 1942 Germany was defeated and driven back.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 marked the end of the Romanov dynasty and centuries of Russian Imperial rule. During the Russian Revolution, the Bolsheviks, led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin seized power and destroyed the tradition of czarist rule. Civil War broke out in Russia between the Red and White Armies. The Red Army fought for the Lenin’s Bolshevik government. The White Army represented a large group of monarchists, capitalists and supporters of democratic socialism.
Question: Evaluate the rule of Stalin in the Soviet Union, taking into consideration the changes made and the methods used. Russia’s turbulent start in the 20th century was characterized by their involvement in the first world war, being the critical factor in the Bolsheviks seize for power in the October Revolution in 1917. Vladimir Lenin rose into power and lead Russia toward a communist nation with extreme centralization and doctrinaire socialism but the Kronstadt Rebellion of March 1921 forced Vladimir Lenin to begin the New Economic Party in order to stay in power. The policy allowed private ownership and management of agriculture, trade, and small businesses. However, upon Lenin’s death in 1924, rose Joseph Stalin as the leader of
Lenin went into exile again during World War 1 and returned home in 1917 when Russia deposed the tsars. He launched the October Revolution which was followed by three years of civil war. He pushed to secured power through the Red Terror, a campaign Lenin operated to eliminate the civilian’s opposition. Even though he came out victorious, his vision of the country never came to fruition.
Throughout history, the debate over nationalism has been a tough conflict to decide on. Some may argue the benefits, but they were not worth the death and destruction that follows nationalism. For example, the French Revolution, the Armenian Genocide, and the first Russian Revolution were some of the most violent conflicts in history, all fueled by nationalism. Imperialism was also a direct result of nationalism and it caused suffering and pain in African countries, Although thought to be an efficient device, in reality nationalism rarely brings benefits, often resulting in war and violence.
However, Lenin is arguably the highest of importance when it comes to the Russian revolution. When Lenin won power in the year 1917, it Infotrac Newsstand stated that the Russian revolution was different other countries’ rebellions (Russian 1). Author William G. Rosenberg claims that Lenin won power because he broke down his enemies and made them think that they were going to fail (Rosenberg 2). His tactic to break his enemies down worked very well and that’s why he ended up winning the country over. Alexander Cockburn used a quote from Vladimir Lenin in his article In the Steps of Vladimir which said “For the first time in history of civilized society, the mass of the population will rise to take an independent part, not only in voting and elections, but also in the everyday administration of the state” (Cockburn 1).
This lead to food shortages and inflation in Russia. (doc.1). What the tsar thought was going to happen did not and it lead to even more hatred towards the tsar.
During the 20th century, Russia was experiencing turmoil in war and the country was deeply affected with Tsar Nicholas’s wrong decisions and lack of experience in politics. After the 1917 revolution in Russia, Lenin became the ruler of Russia and the USSR and proved to be the best Russian ruler of the 20th century. Before then, Tsarism dominated and Nicholas II was in power until he foresaw many revolutions against his methods of ruling. He remained as the supreme ruler and did not take actions for reforms. However, after the 1917 revolution, which Lenin masterminded, the Tsar was overthrown and the Bolsheviks established a stable government which took control in Russia.
However, the question of whether he was a hero who toppled an oppressive tyranny, or a villain who replaced it with another remains a controversial one today. In 1917, Lenin helped overthrow the Russian tsar Nicholas II, and founded the Soviet Union. On October 1917, after the victory of the Russian Revolution, Lenin did not have a clear image on socialism, or how it meant to be built. He was, however, able to state the three principal characteristics of socialism, which were the public ownership of the means of production, an end to exploitation, and the dictatorship of the proletariat. He did not take action on these points, and did not devote much attention to socialism as he felt it was not yet an immediate issue.
Although Russia was once again in a terrible position for war the fought in the first World War and their country and its people faced further hardships. The people began to revolt and took over the government and then assassinated Nicholas II’s entire
The book Animal Farm is an allegory which corresponds to the Russian Revolution. In the book, the animals take over the farm and run the humans off of the property. They are tired of being treated cruelly and decide to take things into their own matters. This is where “war” between animal and man start. The Russian Revolution had much in common with this but also has its differences.
The Russian Revolution is a governmental overthrow of a ruling that took place in the early twentieth century. Prior to the revolution, Russia was ruled by Czar Nicholas II who was a part of the last reigning Russian monarch, the Tsar. The Tsar had complete power in Russia as he owned much of the land, commanded the army, and controlled the church. During the reign of the Tsar, the Russian citizens were treated badly and unfair. They experienced vigorous labor in dangerous conditions for little pay and were without food and money countless times.
The Russian Revolution, which was started by Lenin and his followers, was a rebellion that occurred in 1917 which forced higher powers to act to the needs of the lower class. For instance, many citizens were worried for their protection in consequence to the lack of survival necessities due to an early drought. Furthermore, their current czar during the time was incapable for his position as a czar and made horrendous decisions as czar. For example, when the czar, Nicholas, entered in World War I, he sent untrained troops into countless battles of failure which costed in mass amounts of lost life (paragraph 23).
Stalin, the leader of the Communist army in Russia and the most powerful man in the past uses violence to the ones that go against him. He has a style of dictatorship where many people suffer. Gunshots going across, people dying out, outcry, burst in tears with bruises all over the body, killing in harsh condition all occurs during Russian Revolution. The historical background of George Orwell’s Animal Farm is also the Russian Revolution. In the book, Napoleon uses dictatorship to order other animals, uses accuration, and give harsh punishment who block his way.
By doing this, they overthrown the poorly run government as the Russian people were in favour of a new system that would work in their favour. The Russian Revolution was triggered by the social, political and economic problems, that combined caused the Russian people to rebel. This Revolution was triggered by the poverty of the Russian people, the loss from the wars, the sneakiness of Rasputin and the failure of the Tsar, Nicholas II. The social causes of the Russian Revolution arose from centuries of oppression towards the lower classes.