The peasants’ revolts in the German states occurred after the Reformation had gripped Europe. Religious figures at this time such as Martin Luther, and John Calvin, as well as writings like The Ninety-Five Theses, incited many peasants to look with new ideas about Catholicism and the clergy, which led to a call for reform, and later rebellion, the causes of which were mainly the oppression of lords against the lay people economically and physically, as well as extreme Lutheran teaching. Martin Luther, and those that were accused of the oppression, the nobles, responded by saying those that took part in the rebellion were unchristian, and should submit to proper authority, shaping the conflict and the rebellion. The causes of the rebellion …show more content…
The preachers, which were laymen, took the stance that the nobles were demanding unfair work from the peasants, which is understandable, given that they too were peasants and also wanted better rights and payment. Also during this time Caspar Nutzel a town councilor sent a letter to Duke Albert of Prussia, saying “No reasonable person could deny … how excessively the authorities have torn out the hair of their subjects, whom they should …show more content…
Thomas Muntzer said “How long are you going to resist God’s will? … Hammer away on the anvils of the princes … cast down their towers” (Doc 4) Muntzer's message is that people need to fight against the princes and officials, it is God’s will, a religious cause. This viewpoint is reasonable given that Thomas Muntzer wanted to better peasants lives, and was a celebrated theologian, and his audience was the lay people in Europe, it was understandable that many peasants would turn to Muntzer, believe in his extremism, and rebel. One other example, was the Peasant Parliament of Swabia, which claimed that “Hitherto we have been held as your poor serfs … We will be obedient to all authority appointed by God” (Doc 3) This again attributes the reasons, and ideas, of the peasants to take action in the war, was that of God, though for the reason of him being the only authority they would accept. Since this document was written by peasants it is reasonable for the Peasant Parliament to take the perspective to submit only to God. Leonhard van Eck also echoed the reasoning behind the rebellion in a report to Duke Ludwig of Bavaria “the peasants relate the majority of their demands to the Word of God, the Gospel, and brotherly love” (Doc 1) This helped accentuate the reasoning behind the rebellion, and that the peasants felt justified in their
However, Massachusetts shut down their rebellion by calling in their militia. The main cause of this nearly six month rebellion was money. The Massachusetts legislature voted on a heavy land tax. Farmers could not afford to pay these taxes.
The nobility primarily believed that the revolt was unnecessary and condemned the actions of the peasants. In response to the Peasant Parliament of Swabia’s “Articles of the Peasants of Memmingen”, the Memmingen Town Council stated that “the serfdom of a Christian is no hindrance to the salvation of his soul” (Doc 3) The Town Council is effectively stating here that religion is not a just reason for rebellion. It is safe to assume from that statement that they believe that the Peasant Revolt lacked a reason and was unnecessary. As this reply is from a town council, the point of view of this document is highly reliable and would align with the point of view of the members on the council, the lords/nobility.
This inspired other rebellions and was eventually ended by
Canada 1800-1850 CTQ What were some of the key social, economic, and political issues that led to the Rebellions of 1837-1838? There were many issues with Upper and Lower Canada, most of those issues were what led to the rebellions of 1837-1838. There were political, social and economical issues. The citizens were unhappy with what little influence they had in the decisions that were made in the government.
Social 1. St. Bartholomew’s day massacre: (1572) During the civil wars in France, on August 24, 1572, the Huguenots started wide spread destruction starting in Paris and spreading all throughout France. Catherine was able to make peace with the Huguenots and formed the catholic league, which dominated the eastern half of the country. 2.
The Protestant Reformation had a huge impact in all Europe in the sixteen century, but which ones were the factors that lead to it? It is very important to highlight that the European Christianity was falling into a noticeable corruption of its popes and some other high position members. Robbery, and even warriors were among of some factors that took the Cristian Church to a declining path. One of these examples was the Pope Julius II, which one won the nickname “the warrior pope” because he led armies against people. Furthermore, the church was not the only factor promoting this reformation, some other social changes were occurring with the masses in Europe; many of the peasants were being free especially in the western Europe.
Whilst religion and political factors were clearly a key motivation for many rebels, economic factors such as taxation and enclosures are the main cause which sparked rebellion. During Henry VII and VIII reign the economic situation was tight due to the costly wars with France and Scotland, alongside poor harvests and debasement of the coinage meant that people struggled to afford their basic needs. “It was an accepted principle that the king should only tax his people for the needs of war or in other exceptional circumstances…in fact an Act of 1483 declared that non-parliamentary taxation was illegal”. This law therefore makes it understandable why individuals and communities felt angry when the Tudors introduced subsidies “an apparently arbitrary demand made under the new system.” The result of taxations led to a popular dislike expressed through violence and “in the period of 1485-1547 there were eleven recorded cases of assaults on tax collectors” The evidence provided by Fletcher and MacCulloch reinforces their argument that economic tensions were at the
Rebels make change. Whether that is good or bad depends on the situation. In the novel The Stranger, Meursault is considered unorthodox by his society because he does not react to certain situations like they think he should. Rebellions that cause revolutions can be frightening, but they obviously happened for a reason. To cause a revolution, there must have been a substantial amount of people who believed in the same thing.
Although the truth reality here is the roots of the rebellion of the 13 colonies start from the beginning of the establishment of colonies. According to the lecture 10, “in 1660 through the first series of Navigation Acts, the English parliament sets the rules for how the people in the 13 colonies would live their lives”. This was one of the reasons of the rebellion of the 13 colonies, because the colonies they want to have they own rules and live their lives according to the rules that favoring each colony no only England. The acts that created the parliament was only to benefit England, because specify how the colonies behave between them and the mother land. The colonies beginning to get tired of the England rules and they want a change.
The peasants misinterpreted Luther’s message and claimed he would be supportive of their revolt. Contrarily, Luther believed that temporal authority should not be challenged, especially in a radical
By exploiting the citizens and their belief that he had truly changed for the better and desired to convert others the citizens themselves suggested they “take up a collection for him!” in order to aid the King in his seemingly noble cause. In this instance the King is capitalizing on their willingness to give due to their affinity towards persons involved in the same religion. While they are riled up and yelling in the name of their faith the King sees lack of critical thinking stemming from the excitement and takes action; lying and manipulating them to not only feel bad. but feel compelled to give as well.
Every person was made equal by God. Overtime, this belief changed and people became ruled over. Rebellions and revolutions were started to fight for one 's rights. From the Atlantic ages, to our contemporary times, revolutions play an important role in history. Despite each revolutions differences, they all resulted in structural or social form, and they have inspired rebellions.
Analysis of Protestant Reformation Reasons What were the religious, social, economic, political and cultural reasons of the Reformation? To explain why did the Reformation happen, historians usually start with the impact of Martin Luther’s religious ideas and his effect on the society. However Reformation is something which has to be covered from various aspects, for instance, it can be seen as an economic protest against the Church’s eager to fleece its religious folk, or as a political uprising of the German princes to confine the authority of the Church in their country, as it was regarded as a foreigner institution which was based in Rome. The Reformation was also closely related to cultural reasons such as the notion of nationalism.
Instead of referring only to invasions or a majority of people literally starving, situations in which there is a loss of ability of subjects to work and receive compensation justify rebellion. For example, when the sovereign seizes so much property that subjects do not feel safe practicing