1.4 Cyclohexanedimethanol?

A new oral pharmaceutical drug for type- two diabetes had been approved for clinical use, it was called Compound 17392. Marketing companies instantly wanted to have prescribers adopt and sell the product and researchers wanted to further investigate previous reports of liver toxicity in patients. Now since paying patients to try new pharmaceutical drugs was an issue due to it appearing to interfere with clinical judgement and upholding the duty to do what is best for the patient, a new idea of furthering research for the drug came into play. The idea included recruiting a group of physicians who were in the top ten percent of prescribers for type-two diabetes. Following regulations put in place by researchers, these physicians were to enter eligible patients into the trial for Compound

Identification of an Unknown Compound using Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis Lauren Tremaglio Chemistry 1011 Lab, Section 16 Instructor: Steven Belina October 3, 2014 Our signatures indicate that this document represents the work completed by our group this semester. Experimental Design and Discussion of Results The objective of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound through quantitative and qualitative analysis. In order to find the identity of the unknown compound, an initial qualitative test for solubility was performed.

Goals The primary goal of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound by running various tests to determine the qualitative solubility, conductivity, and pH value of the compound. Tests were also performed for the presence of specific cations and anions in the compound. The second goal was to discover the reactivity of the unknown compound by reacting it with different types of substances. The third goal of this project was to calculate the quantitative solubility of the unknown compound in water.

The objective of the Unknown White Compound experiment was to investigate the compound’s physical and chemical properties to correctly identify and then synthesize the compound. The first step was to test the compounds solubility and create a solution with distilled water. Next, a pH test was conducted by testing the unknown compound using pH paper. Following, the flame test was used to determine the cation and the ion test was used to determine the anion, which concluded the compound to mostly be potassium nitrate. Next, a conductivity probe and pH probe were used to confirm the unknown compound to be potassium nitrate.

Physically, the unknown compound was composed of white, grainy, crystal-like structures. The unknown was also odorless. From these observations, various physical and chemical testing was performed to determine properties of the unidentified compound. A series of solubility tests were performed, as shown in Table 2, and revealed that the unknown compound was soluble in water, but not in Acetone or Toluene.

Dehydration of 2-Methylcyclohexanol Sura Abedali Wednesday 2:00 PM January 31, 2018 Introduction: Dehydration reactions are important processes to convert alcohols into alkenes. It is a type of elimination reaction that removes an “-OH” group from one carbon molecule and a hydrogen from a neighboring carbon, thus releasing them as a water molecule (H2O) and forming a pi bond between the two carbons1. In this experiment, 2-methylcyclohexanol undergoes dehydration to form three possible products: methylenecylcohexane, 1-methylcyclohexene, and 3-methylcyclohexene in a Hickman still apparatus. Adding 85% Phosphoric Acid to protonates the “-OH” group, turning it into a better leaving group and initiating the dehydration reaction.

The use of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) to improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs is limited due to low solubility of βCD itself (18 mg/ml). If βCD is used at a greater extent in a formulation, it may lead to certain toxic effects. Though the derivatives of βCD are highly soluble, they are costlier. Hence in order to improve the solubility and complexation efficiency of βCD, multicomponent inclusion complex is prepared by incorporating a third component during the complexation process which may consist of amino acid, hydroxy acid or hydrophilic polymer. Multicomponent inclusion complex also reduces amount of βCD required for complexation, thus reducing the formulation cost (16, 17).

There are two methods of obtaining cyclohexane. These two methods are fractional distillation of naphtha and hydrogenation of benzene. Research suggest that the hydrogenation of benzene is the most economical way to create our chemical of choice. According to ICIS, cyclohexane is used in the production of adipic acid used to

Synthetic molecules Student: Omar Moghrabi Section: 9A Teacher: Bader Al Saidi introduction: Many products in our everyday lives, such as plastic containers and bags, to medicine tablets, and even water bottles have one thing in common, and that is because they are all mad of synthetic molecules / chemicals. These chemicals play a huge role in our community because people really rely on the products that are made by them for storage, medicinal problems, cleaning, and working. One of the various types of synthetic molecules is low-density polyethylene (or LDPE for short) is used for making trays, plastics, bottles etc. This essay will talk about low-density polyethylene and the synthetic molecules in general, discussing there advantages

The other additives that showed great decrease in aging are Solprene 1205 and Calprene 6120. Solprene 1205 seemed to be working well with the 64-22 binder and Calprene 6120 showed high reduction in aging with 67-22 binder. Frequency sweep tests were performed on the binders modified with antioxidant additives to learn about the impact of these additives on linear viscoelastic properties of the binders. The testing was done on both unaged and PAV aged samples. The frequency sweep test was done at 7 temperatures: 10,20,30, 40, 50, 60 and 70ºC and 10 frequencies at each temperature.

Lithium Chloride Causes Reduced Exploratory Behaviors in Rats Abstract In this pharmacological experiment, the affects of Lithium Chloride LiCl were studied using the Open Field Apparatus to assess for anxiety and fearful behaviors. The Sproang Dolleys were given an IP injection of LiCl then the total distance traveled was measured using the Open Field Apparatus. Other than the total lines crossed, no discernable affects were noted. The unequivocant data confirmed the initial hypothesis by proof in the results.

To begin, cocaine, also known benzoylmethylecgonine, is a strong stimulant extracted from the leaves of the coca plant, Erythroxylon coca (Medical-Dictionary). For two thousand years, Ancient Incas in the Andes chewed cocaine leaves to get their hearts racing and to speed their breathing to counter the effects of living in thin mountain air. This drug grows naturally in the forests that surround the Andes Mountains in South America (Drug Free World). In addition, cocaine causes a short-lived, intense high that is immediately followed by the opposite-intense depression, edginess and a craving for more of the drug (Drug Free World). “Street names” for cocaine include coke, flake, snow, blow, white, toot, base, basa, cola, and powder (Drug Free World).

INTRODUCTION New product innovation using polymer based materials to be introduced is polymer opal apparel. The polymer opal apparel is absolutely not typical clothes because it has its own uniqueness and attraction due to the materials used to produce this product. Polymer opal apparel using polymer based materials which are spandex fibres and polymer opal. Uniqueness and advantages of polymer opal apparel is that it has an appearance in which the colour is changing due to strain, pressure and movement. Due to the structure of the stretchable spandex and a polymer opal structure that can change colour when stretched, this combination will make the apparel or clothes look more attractive and beautiful for people who wear this.

Introduction: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a class of polyesters produced by several groups of bacteria under unbalanced growth conditions as a mechanism to store excess carbon and energy, and they occur as water-insoluble inclusions in the cells (Anderson and Dawes 1990; Zinn et al. 2001). These polyesters have garnered worldwide interest because they are biodegradable (Ho et al. 2002; Lenz and Marchessault 2005; Lim et al. 2005), biocompatible (Zinn et al. 2001; Hazer and Steinbuchel 2007) and are produced by bacterial fermentation using renewable resources. Hence PHA has potential as alternative material for conventional petrochemical-based plastics. Biobased materials such as polynucleotides, polyamides, polysaccharides, polyoxoesters,

Pharmaceutical and chemical applications xylan and Xylanase have little used in the pharmaceutical industry. Xylanases are sometimes used as a dietary supplement or to treat poor digestion when added in combination with a complex of enzymes (hemicellulases, proteases and others), but few medicinal products can be found with this formulation. Hydrolytic products of xylan, such as β-D-xylopyranosyl residues, can be used as combustible liquids (ethanol), solvents and artificial low-calorie