Code-switching refers to the linguistic phenomenon that occurs when an individual who is either, bilingual or multilingual, alternates their dialect with various languages (Moodley, 2013:55). Associated with code-switching is the concept of Matrix language (dominant language) and the idea of when to use code-switching; whether it is conscious or subconscious. In terms of code-switching in the classroom, there are several aspects that contribute to the advantages of using different languages which may help a student learn particular subjects. For example, an English teacher who is reading a poem that has certain words in a different language. However, there are disadvantages which may hinder the student’s ability to understand certain concepts …show more content…
Therefore, teachers must accommodate students who do not necessarily speak the same languages (Moodley, 2013:74 -75). To ensure that student’s education is not compromised, a target language needs to be implemented to ensure that the subject being taught is acknowledged by the learners. However the “language barrier” would also create an opportunity to code-switch, which will benefit learners to a great extent. It will not only eliminate the isolated feelings of students but accommodate their language and cultural backgrounds. Furthermore, a teacher will be able to teach their class to the extent where they will be motivated to learn. An explanation of a particular subject may require certain words or sentences in another language which may help learners understand the concept (Moodley, 2013:68). For example, a History teacher will be teaching about apartheid, there might be certain phrases which may require code-switching and thus the learner would be able to understand how particular groups of people felt during that specific -time period. It also might give context to what is being …show more content…
Even though code-switching is encouraged, there needs to be an equilibrium and therefore a target language will ensure a balance between the intended language and the language which the students prefer to speak. Moreover, there are certain aspects of code-switching which may hinder the education of students and that may lead to negative consequences (Moodley, 2013:75). If a teacher is monolingual, they will not be able to code-switch in a multilingual classroom. Children will not be able to understand certain concepts that are unfamiliar to them. The teacher will struggle to have their class in active learning; students will not be actively engaging with their coursework that is provided. Furthermore, this may lead to disruptive behavior as the teacher cannot demand good behavior from their learners and thus there will not be enough time to teach a certain subject if all the time spent is on trying to get their learners to work (Rodrigo: 2016). Another negative aspect of code-switching is miscommunication and misinterpreting what has been said. This could lead to a teacher being offensive to learners if a phrase or sentence is used incorrectly and thus diminishing the professional relationship between students and teachers. For example, a teacher might say a phrase in another language but a student could take the phrase out of context, which may cause many problems.
As a baseline, teachers should be trained to acknowledge the resources and backgrounds all children so that they may be able to recognize the strengths of non-native English speakers. A wholistic evaluation of minority groups is necessary for their successful integration in to the education system, if traditional practices are to continue in society. Many children in poorer areas are forced to “code-switch” between their home dialect and the dialect spoken in school. Teaching one “correct” way to speak and write can have major implications for a young person’s confidence and
Rocio describes her classes being very basic and taught in Spanish which made her feel very comfortable. But after realized that she wished the system would have challenged her in English so she could be prepared for further education instead of simple catering her language. She hopes they challenge other students because, in the long run, it’s worth
“Several studies have documented that teachers erroneously believe that speaking AAE is ungrammatical, lazy, and unintelligent” (Godley, Escher p.6). Although one may use AAE as their dominate language, there is a solution that we all use called code
Young’s definition of code switching is a transition or deliberate changing of a certain style of language use to another. In the article, Young argues that the traditional unspoken bias towards code switching that is expected at school and/or in the workplace, is discriminatory
In 2003, ENCODE was launched to build a complete “parts list” for Homo sapiens by identifying and pinpointing the location of every single stretch of the genome that does somethings. About 99% DNA that did not code for any protein, which called “junk DNA” had become a big challenge for scientists to be recognize instead of about 1% of genome that codes for protein. The establishment of ENCODE exposed previously hidden connections between diseases so that we may able to prevent some particular diseases in the future. ENCODE had also shown that a gene is not the simple stretch of DNA that makes a protein, as we learnt and we knew that not all the protein-coding genes in our cell are activated. Fortunately, after 5 years of hardworking by Encode
The traditional school schedule is an 8 Hours a day, consisting of 7 or 8 courses of about 50-55 minutes each. An advantage of traditional scheduling is that educators see all scholars every day which benefits students Ability to retain information that is given. Traditional scheduling also seems to benefit Students with disabilities. In addition to that Students have a greater memory of classroom methods, such as recalling which supplies to bring to class and the due dates of class assignments. Also with traditional scheduling, there is a diversity within classrooms.
The author, Angie Thomas, displays the effects of code-switching in minorities by utilizing
The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) is a set of laws that provide legal rules and regulations governing commercial or business dealings and transactions. It regulates the transfer or sale of personal property. The UCC does not address dealings in real property. It standardizes business laws in the U.S. and seeks uniformity amongst the states (n.d., 2016). The code is divided into nine articles, each containing provisions that relate to a specific area of commercial law.
It is important to understand where the language came from if you want to know its true meaning and value. When you understand a language's true meaning, then you are able to communicate effectively. You are able to persuade the reader into your world of imagination. True intelligence is born from an accurate understanding of language roots, " Such intelligence does not grow by bloating upon the ephemeral information and misinformation of the public media. It grows by returning again and again to the landmarks of its cultural birthright, the works that have proved worthy of devoted attention" (Berry8).
Speakers form and establish a pidgin language when two or more speakers who do not speak a common language form an intermediate, third language. On the other hand, speakers practice code-switching when they are each fluent in both languages. Code mixing is a thematically related term, but the usage of the terms code-switching and code-mixing varies. Some scholars use either term to denote the same practice, while others apply code-mixing to denote the formal linguistic properties of language-contact phenomena, and code-switching to denote the actual, spoken usages by multilingual persons. Literature scholars use the term code- switching to describe literary styles which include elements from more than one language, e.g. novels by Latino writers,
The studies first purpose is to examine code switching in children AAE speakers. The second purpose to examine the impact being in a literary context that promote SE has AAE speakers. The results of the study showed a high frequency of code switching among child AAE speakers. Dr. Holly K. Craig is a research professor at the University of Michigan’s Department of Education. Interestingly, Dr. Gisselle E. Kolenic is the lead statistician at the University of Michigan’s department of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
This has been observed that such people have great skills of accent neutralization, syntax understanding and code switching. Drastic changes are also witness on the part of being bilingual. It has been reasoned thatbilingual people have the capacity to grasp concept easily and they have the aptitude of learning language more easily then multilingual. Cognitive flexibility is also regarded as one of the major skills of bilingualindividual. It
There are many different approaches to development in which countries over the years adopted to further develop and grow their economy. Some countries adopted the approach of import substitution in which they try to decrease their dependency on other nations and protect and foster domestic small companies. The disadvantage for an import substitution based industry, ISI, is although it achieves growth it does so through a greater period of time. On the other hand, growth and development from export oriented industries, EOI, has greater results and is so much faster than import substituting industries. Examples of countries that adopted import based industries are countries of Latin America while countries that adopted Export oriented Industries are countries of East Asia.
The notion of bilingualism is frequently connected to the idea of code-switching since a person should have ability to speak using two or more than one variety. Researchers have made countless studies describing bilingualism as they create awareness in different ways. To begin with is Bloomfield (1933) who defined bilingualism as having the “native- like control of two languages”. However, Haugen (1953) pinpointed that bilingualism is the ability of a speaker to communicate and understand an additional variety. This is to mean that the concept of bilingualism exist only when an individual of a certain variety has the capability to communicate effectively in an additional variety.
It is encouraged for students to learn foreign languages as it has numerous benefits. Most countries have introduced foreign language starting from the early age. Today, the high school graduates are required to study foreign language in schools as it becomes a requirement for them to graduate from certain college with minimum of two years of learning foreign languages. Hence, the students are encouraged to learn on other language. Basically, foreign language is a native to another country and it is also a language which is not spoken in the native country of the person referred to.