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Absolute zero
Abstract
The purpose of this laboratory was to apply the ideal gas law and temperature and pressure measurements to extrapolate absolute zero value on a Celsius scale. This was done by recording Pressure and temperature measurement values for different n values. In addition, linear fit graphs of pressure versus temperature were plotted for the different n values. The absolute temperature value was then determined from the equation of the linear fit.
The equipment used for this lab were: Vernier caliper, Rigid sphere, thermistor sensor, absolute pressure sensor, 4 buckets, water and ice.
Introduction
An ideal gas refers to a gas where random collisions is the only source
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The stereo plug was connected from the sphere to the temperature sensor The hose fitting was then connected to the pressure sensor. The data studio setup button was used to add digital displays for temperature and pressure. A graph of pressure vs. temperature was also added. Three water baths of cold, warm and room temperature water were prepared using the buckets. The sphere was completely submerged in the ice water bath and the data taken with the sensors. Each data point was saved when the temperature stabilized. Data point for room temperature was taken. Some cold water was added to the room temperature bath and another data point taken. The data point for the hot water bath was also taken and the data taking stopped. From the four data points taken for pressure and temperature, a linear curve fit was plotted and the linear equation recorded. The hose was removed and the sphere placed in the room temperature bath to change the n value. For temperature and pressure measurements were then taken for the new n. The procedures were repeated to obtain for different values of pressure and temperature for four different n …show more content…
The absolute temperature for the first, second and third n values were; -270.30c, -261.450c and -193.870c respectively. The percentage errors for the three n values were; 0.2%, 4.23% and 28.98%. The accepted absolute temperature value is -2730c. There was a large discrepancy between the absolute temperature experimental value and the accepted value for the third n value. This may be due to some possible sources of errors in the experiment. One of the possible source of error is that, some of the air may had escaped out of the sphere hence changing the n value. Also, the temperature and pressure measurement devices may have had some uncertainties, thus leading to the erroneous
One way we could improve the experiment is by doing more trials, the more trials the more accurate the resolutes are. Another way we could improve the experiment is to have more time so we could make sure all the temperatures
The temperature probe was kept in the calorimeter until the temperature had been stabilized and was calibrated. A beaker was placed on a hot plate with dial turned between three and four. Another 100.00 ml of deionized water was added while the beaker is heating up. Using the temperature probe, the beaker was measured
Introduction The purpose of this Lab was to identify the density of the unidentified object and determine what substance the unidentified object given by the teacher was. The density calculated in the experiment will stay the same because the density of the unidentified object will stay constant. The Independent Variable of this experiment was the calculated density and the unidentified object given. The Dependant Variable for this experiment was the density.
Fahrenheit- • Used in the United States • 32 degrees is the freezing point of liquids • 212 degrees is the boiling point of
First the ball had a small hole directly in the center and the rod had an uneven end these presented challenges for getting an accurate measurement in step III. Second the errors in the measurements were carried through and expanded by the calculations performed. The obtaining the volume via the displacement method was only one step without calculations. Thus I believe the displacement method produce better measurments. 4.
Then, the pipet was rinsed with distilled water. The bulbs were then attached to the pipette; filling and dispensing water were practiced using both bulbs. Furthermore, the 250-mL beaker was weighed, and its mass was recorded. After that, the Erlenmeyer flask was filled with 100 mL of distilled water. The temperature was recorded.
As mentioned in the hypothesis, the prediction is that as the temperature increases towards the optimal, the rate of respiration will increase. As the temperature exceeds the optimal, the rate of respiration will decrease. The temperature of the environment can be varied by placing the respiration chamber under a temperature-controlled water bath/cooling bath. The temperatures that will be used in this experiment will range from 0ºC to 50ºC in 10ºC increments. Digital thermometer will be used to measure the temperature of air.
The null hypothesis of this research is that the gases (helium, nitrogen, argon, and CO2) will have no effect on the football hang time. This study’s alternate hypothesis is if a football is filled with a gas lighter than air (helium and nitrogen), then the football will have a longer hang time; and if a football is filled with a gas heavier than air (argon and CO2), then the football will have a shorter hang time. Since the first experiment results were nullified because of an error in the PSI of the football, the second experiment results led the researcher to reject the null hypothesis. There is enough evidence to support that footballs filled with gases lighter than air will have a longer hang time and footballs filled with gas heavier than air will have a shorter hang time. The reason to make this claim is that the researcher found that gases lighter than air (helium and nitrogen) had longer mean hang times and gases heavier than air had shorter mean hang times in Table 2 and because of the error bars in Graph 2, it showed significant differences between the means.
\section{Facility Static and Dynamic Control}\label{Calibr} The facility calibration is the transfer function between the oscillating gauge pressure $P_C(t)$ in the chamber (described in ~\autoref{Sub31}) and the liquid flow rate $q(t)$ in the distributing channel, i.e. the test section. Due to practical difficulties in measuring $q(t)$ within the thin channel, and being the flow laminar, this transfer function was derived analytically and validated numerically as reported in ~\autoref{Sub32} and ~\autoref{Sub33}. \subsection{Pressure Chamber Response}\label{Sub31} Fig.\ref{fig:2a} shows three example of pressure signals $P_C(t)$, measured in the pneumatic chamber.
283.71 K. Through calculations, it was found that the pressure should have been 12.05 psi when the balls hit the field at the temperature of 51°F (10.5 °C).
Materials: The materials that I will be utilizing during these experimentations are three to four ice cubes, one cup for measuring, six unblemished cups, one stopwatch, one hot water source, three tablets of Alka-Seltzer, one thermometer that measures from negative
The control in the experiment is water. Units used while timing the productivity of gas from an Alka-Seltzer tablet in different temperatures is, seconds. In order to find out if temperature controls the rate of chemical reaction, whether hot water is a more effective way to make the gas produce at a faster speed, it would be necessary to compare the results of different temperatures at the end of each trial. In order to do this the scientists will measure the volume of gas that is produced within a 10 second interval time after the tablet begins to react.
Synopsis This laboratory report gives an outline of the experiment which was carried out in order to measure the density of water at different temperatures via two different methods. The lab consisted of two parts. In the first part the density of water was measured by hydrometer. At first the density of water at room temperature was measured.
Place the the beaker onto a hot plate that is on a low heat setting (about setting 3). Every 5 minutes for 20 minutes, measure the circumference of the balloon and record it in Data Table A. You can measure the circumference of the balloon by looping a piece of string around it then using a ruler to measure the string’s length. Record the data in the data
Materials 1 calibrated thermometer, 1 scale that reads mass, 2 Styrofoam cups, 1 small lead sinker, boiling water in a beaker, 1 pair of kitchen tongs, 1 small cooking pot, stove top, distilled water, and 1 pair of safety goggles (I did not use a cork stopper). III. Procedure First, the beaker